ArticleCortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior2022
The role of cognitive and brain reserve in memory decline and atrophy rate in mid and late-life: The SMART-MR study.
Article in Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Cognitive reserve in individuals with frontotemporal dementia: a systematic review.Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology · 2024Pooled it
- Association Between Educational Attainment and Depressive Symptom Severity Among Young-Old Adults Aged 60-74 Years: The Mediating Role of Self-Reported Memory Function.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A roadmap for conducting more inclusive research on brain resilience in ageing and dementia.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2026Review
- Association of central adiposity indices with cognitive impairment in elderly populations: Development and validation of a risk prediction nomogram using NHANES and CHARLS cohorts.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026Article
- Brain health operationalized as brain parenchymal fraction impacts stroke severity both in acute phase and 3 months post stroke.Brain communications · 2025Article
- The Thalamus in Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders.Neuropsychology review · 2024Review
- Cognitive resilience/reserve: Myth or reality? A review of definitions and measurement methods.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Review
- Memory and aging across cultures.Current opinion in psychology · 2024Review
- Item-Level Scores on the Boston Naming Test as an Independent Predictor of Perirhinal Volume in Individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Cognitive impairment in young adults with post COVID-19 syndrome.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- No moderating influence of education on the association between changes in hippocampus volume and memory performance in aging.Aging brain · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveInvestigate associations of cognitive and brain reserve with trajectories of memory decline in mid-life and late-life, and whether the relationship of memory decline with atrophy differs as a function of reserve.
methodsParticipants were 989 Dutch middle-aged to older adults from the SMART-MR prospective cohort, followed up to 12 years with up to 3 measurements of memory and brain MRI. Education and Dutch National Adult Reading Test (DART) were used as proxies of cognitive reserve, and intracranial volume (ICV) and baseline brain parenchymal fraction (BPF) for brain reserve. Univariate growth curve models analyzed associations of reserve with memory decline, and multiple-group bivariate growth curve models tested the longitudinal brain-memory relationship as a function of reserve. Models were additionally stratified by mid-life and late-life.
resultsHigher DART, education, and BPF were related to a slower rate of memory decline, particularly in late-life, but ICV was not. A positive covariance indicated that an individual who undergoes atrophy also undergoes memory decline-this relationship did not differ across cognitive or brain reserve, but was not present in mid-life. Memory declined slower than brain volume, yet rates were more similar in the low DART, education, and BPF groups. DISCUSSION: Higher cognitive (DART, education) and brain reserve (BPF) work protectively in longitudinal memory change. ICV is an inappropriate proxy of brain reserve, failing to show any association with memory performance at baseline or over time. Deconstructing relationships of reserve capacities with longitudinal cognitive and brain outcomes may identify focus areas with potential for intervention.
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