ArticleAnesthesiology2022
Ketamine Psychedelic and Antinociceptive Effects Are Connected.
Article in Anesthesiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT06994559 (Investigating the Synergistic Potential of Music as an Adjunct to Ketamine Therapy for Chronic Noncancer Pain), which is not on this map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Investigating the Synergistic Potential of Music as an Adjunct to Ketamine Therapy for Chronic Noncancer Pain
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative Effectiveness of Single-Dose Epidural Esketamine versus Hydromorphone in Thoracic and Upper Abdominal Surgery: A Randomized Trial.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Trial
- Ketamine's impact on mood after day-case surgery and its relation to obesity: a randomised controlled trial in women undergoing fractional curettage.BMC women's health · 2025Trial
- Ketamine reduces the neural distinction between self- and other-produced affective touch: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Trial
- Single-Dose of Postoperative Ketamine for Postoperative Pain After Mastectomy: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of pain research · 2023Trial
- Ketamine-induced analgesia and dissociation show distinct behavioral and neural correlates.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Cortical Mechanisms Contributing to Ketamine-Induced Dissociation.The Neuroscientist : a review journal bringing neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry · 2026Review
- Connectome harmonic decomposition tracks the presence of disconnected consciousness during ketamine-induced unresponsiveness.British journal of anaesthesia · 2025Article
- Novel psychedelic interventions for post-traumatic stress disorder and their promise for precision medicine.Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology · 2025Review
- Ketamine, Esketamine, and Arketamine: Their Mechanisms of Action and Applications in the Treatment of Depression and Alleviation of Depressive Symptoms.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Nitric Oxide Donor Sodium Nitroprusside Reduces Racemic Ketamine-But Not Esketamine-Induced Pain Relief.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2024Article
- (International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Exploring the multifaceted potential of (R)-ketamine beyond antidepressant applications.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Ketamine-assisted psychotherapy, psychedelic methodologies, and the impregnable value of the subjective-a new and evolving approach.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Recent advances in the study of anesthesia-and analgesia-related mechanisms of S-ketamine.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Ketamine Analgesia and Psychedelia: Can We Dissociate Dissociation?Anesthesiology · 2022Article
- Editorial: Ketamine for treatment of acute and chronic pain: The relationship of mechanism and exposure to therapeutic outcome.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Article
- Targeting Affective Mood Disorders With Ketamine to Prevent Chronic Postsurgical Pain.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
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- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundKetamine produces potent analgesia combined with psychedelic effects. It has been suggested that these two effects are associated and possibly that analgesia is generated by ketamine-induced dissociation. The authors performed a post hoc analysis of previously published data to quantify the pharmacodynamic properties of ketamine-induced antinociception and psychedelic symptoms. The hypothesis was that ketamine pharmacodynamics (i.e., concentration-effect relationship as well as effect onset and offset times) are not different for these two endpoints.
methodsSeventeen healthy male volunteers received escalating doses of S- and racemic ketamine on separate occasions. Before, during, and after ketamine infusion, changes in external perception were measured together with pain pressure threshold. A population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic analysis was performed that took S- and R-ketamine and S- and R-norketamine plasma concentrations into account.
resultsThe pharmacodynamics of S-ketamine did not differ for antinociception and external perception with potency parameter (median [95% CI]) C50, 0.51 (0.38 to 0.66) nmol/ml; blood-effect site equilibration half-life, 8.3 [5.1 to 13.0] min), irrespective of administration form (racemic ketamine or S-ketamine). R-ketamine did not contribute to either endpoint. For both endpoints, S-norketamine had a small antagonistic effect.
conclusionsThe authors conclude that their data support an association or connectivity between ketamine analgesia and dissociation. Given the intricacies of the study related to the pain model, measurement of dissociation, and complex modeling of the combination of ketamine and norketamine, it is the opinion of the authors that further studies are needed to detect functional connectivity between brain areas that produce the different ketamine effects. EDITOR’S PERSPECTIVE:
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.