ArticleTransboundary and emerging diseases2022
Modelling and assessing additional transmission routes for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: Vehicle movements and feed ingredients.
Article in Transboundary and emerging diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- XGBoost-based early warning framework for farm-level PED risk using meteorological and herd management variables.iScience · 2026Article
- Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV)-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species Inhibit Phagocytosis in Alveolar Macrophages.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Education and Economic Factors Shape Clusters of Biosecurity Beliefs and Practices: Insights from an Exploratory Survey of Midwest U.S. Swine Producers.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Combining Load-Close-Homogenize with Testing, Removal, and Rollover Strategies to Repopulate PRRSV Elimination Breeding Herds Using PRRSV-Positive Weaned Gilts.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Beliefs, Behaviors, and Practices of Farm Biosecurity in the Midwestern U.S. Swine Operations.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Identifying effective surveillance measures for swine pathogens using contact networks and mathematical modeling.PloS one · 2025Article
- A Review of Swine Breeding Herd Biosecurity in the United States to Prevent Virus Entry Using Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus as a Model Pathogen.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Review
- A Gaussian-process approximation to a spatial SIR process using moment closures and emulators.Biometrics · 2024Article
- Biosecurity and Mitigation Strategies to Control Swine Viruses in Feed Ingredients and Complete Feeds.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Review
- Disentangling transport movement patterns of trucks either transporting pigs or while empty within a swine production system before and during the COVID-19 epidemic.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Spatiotemporal relative risk distribution of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in the United States.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- A discrete-time survival model for porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2022Article
- Modelling and assessing additional transmission routes for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: Vehicle movements and feed ingredients.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Accounting for multiple modes of livestock disease dissemination in epidemiological models remains a challenge. We developed and calibrated a mathematical model for transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), tailored to fit nine modes of between-farm transmission pathways including: farm-to-farm proximity (local transmission), contact network of batches of pigs transferred between farms (pig movements), re-break probabilities for farms with previous PRRSV outbreaks, with the addition of four different contact networks of transportation vehicles (vehicles to transport pigs to farms, pigs to markets, feed and crew) and the amount of animal by-products within feed ingredients (e.g., animal fat or meat and bone meal). The model was calibrated on weekly PRRSV outbreaks data. We assessed the role of each transmission pathway considering the dynamics of specific types of production (i.e., sow, nursery). Although our results estimated that the networks formed by transportation vehicles were more densely connected than the network of pigs transported between farms, pig movements and farm proximity were the main PRRSV transmission routes regardless of farm types. Among the four vehicle networks, vehicles transporting pigs to farms explained a large proportion of infections, sow = 20.9%; nursery = 15%; and finisher = 20.6%. The animal by-products showed a limited association with PRRSV outbreaks through descriptive analysis, and our model results showed that the contribution of animal fat contributed only 2.5% and meat and bone meal only .03% of the infected sow farms. Our work demonstrated the contribution of multiple routes of PRRSV dissemination, which has not been deeply explored before. It also provides strong evidence to support the need for cautious, measured PRRSV control strategies for transportation vehicles and further research for feed by-products modelling. Finally, this study provides valuable information and opportunities for the swine industry to focus effort on the most relevant modes of PRRSV between-farm transmission.
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