ReviewAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2022
Hydrogels as Soft Ionic Conductors in Flexible and Wearable Triboelectric Nanogenerators.
Review in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed.
- A review of low-, medium-, and high-temperature thermoelectric materials for thermoelectric generators.iScience · 2026Review
- Hydrogel-Based Mechanical Sensors for Sleep Respiratory Monitoring: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Multiscale Design Principles for Nanocomposite Hydrogel-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators.Nano letters · 2026Article
- Anti-Freezing Eutectogel-Based TENG for Ocean Wave Sensing at Low Temperature.Micromachines · 2026Article
- Functional Hydrogel-Based Flexible Thermoelectric Generators: Principles, Mechanism, and Emerging Applications.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- High-Performance Transparent, Deformable, and Recoverable Biomimetic Stevia-PVA Hydrogel Triboelectric Nanogenerator with Machine Learning-Assisted Motion Recognition.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Scalable, Low-Cost, Freeze-Resistant Hydrogels by Alkali-Polyphenol-Triggered Polymerization for Low-Temperature Self-Powered Triboelectric Sensor.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Polyelectrolytes as a Stable and Tunable Platform for Triboelectric Nanogenerators.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Article
- Polymer Gel-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators: Conductivity and Morphology Engineering for Advanced Sensing Applications.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Influence of Surface Texture in Additively Manufactured Biocompatible Materials and Triboelectric Behavior.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Tissue-Adhesive and Biocompatible Zein-Polyaniline-Based Hydrogels for Mechanoresponsive Energy-Harvesting Applications.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Recent applications and advancement of conductive hydrogels in biosensing, bioelectronics and bioengineering.Mikrochimica acta · 2025Review
- Eco-Friendly Conductive Hydrogels: Towards Green Wearable Electronics.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Recent Advances in Self-Powered Sensors Based on Ionic Hydrogels.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Review
- Fabricating a SFMA/BAChol/PAA/ZnClInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Gel-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Flexible Sensing: Principles, Properties, and Applications.Nano-micro letters · 2024Review
- Smart materials for flexible electronics and devices: hydrogel.RSC advances · 2024Review
- Biomimetic Electronic Skin through Hierarchical Polymer Structural Design.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Bulk Schottky Junctions-Based Flexible Triboelectric Nanogenerators to Power Backscatter Communications in Green 6G Networks.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- A Transparent Hydrogel-Ionic Conductor with High Water Retention and Self-Healing Ability.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Flexible triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have attracted increasing interest since their advent in 2012. In comparison with other flexible electrodes, hydrogels possess transparency, stretchability, biocompatibility, and tunable ionic conductivity, which together provide great potential as current collectors in TENGs for wearable applications. The development of hydrogel-based TENGs (H-TENGs) is currently a burgeoning field but research efforts have lagged behind those of other common flexible TENGs. In order to spur research and development of this important area, a comprehensive review that summarizes recent advances and challenges of H-TENGs will be very useful to researchers and engineers in this emerging field. Herein, the advantages and types of hydrogels as soft ionic conductors in TENGs are presented, followed by detailed descriptions of the advanced functions, enhanced output performance, as well as flexible and wearable applications of H-TENGs. Finally, the challenges and prospects of H-TENGs are discussed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.