Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35187273›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of bioprinting2022

Controlling Droplet Impact Velocity and Droplet Volume: Key Factors to Achieving High Cell Viability in Sub-Nanoliter Droplet-based Bioprinting.

Wei Long Ng, Xi Huang, Viktor Shkolnikov, Guo Liang Goh, Ratima Suntornnond, Wai Yee Yeong

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of bioprinting, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
60citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

60 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Computational approaches in bioprinting processes.Nature reviews bioengineering · 2026
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  16. Droplet-based bioprinting.Nature reviews. Methods primers · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Wei Long NgHP-NTU Digital Manufacturing Corporate Lab, 65 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 637460, Singapore.
Xi HuangHP-NTU Digital Manufacturing Corporate Lab, 65 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 637460, Singapore.
Viktor ShkolnikovHP Inc., 1501 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States.
Guo Liang GohSingapore Centre for 3D Printing (SC3DP), School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
Ratima SuntornnondHP-NTU Digital Manufacturing Corporate Lab, 65 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 637460, Singapore.
Wai Yee YeongHP-NTU Digital Manufacturing Corporate Lab, 65 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 637460, Singapore.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting systems serve as advanced manufacturing platform for the precise deposition of cells and biomaterials at pre-defined positions. Among the various bioprinting techniques, the drop-on-demand jetting approach facilitates deposition of pico/nanoliter droplets of cells and materials for study of cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. Despite advances in the bioprinting systems, there is a poor understanding of how the viability of primary human cells within sub-nanoliter droplets is affected during the printing process. In this work, a thermal inkjet system is utilized to dispense sub-nanoliter cell-laden droplets, and two key factors - droplet impact velocity and droplet volume - are identified to have significant effect on the viability and proliferation of printed cells. An increase in the cell concentration results in slower impact velocity, which leads to higher viability of the printed cells and improves the printing outcome by mitigating droplet splashing. Furthermore, a minimum droplet volume of 20 nL per spot helps to mitigate evaporation-induced cell damage and maintain high viability of the printed cells within a printing duration of 2 min. Hence, controlling the droplet impact velocity and droplet volume in sub-nanoliter bioprinting is critical for viability and proliferation of printed human primary cells.

Indexed as

3D Bioprinting3D PrintingBiofabricationDrop-on-demand printingSub-nanoliter cell printing

Identifiers

PMID35187273
PMCPMC8852198

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.