ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2022
A Semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire Has Relative Validity to Identify Groups of NOVA Food Classification System Among Mexican Adults.
Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Ultra-processed food consumption and risk of multiple chronic diseases among 8,819,894 adults from 51 prospective cohorts: a dose-response meta-analysis.Family medicine and community health · 2026Pooled it
- Who consumes ultra-processed food? A systematic review of sociodemographic determinants of ultra-processed food consumption from nationally representative samples.Nutrition research reviews · 2024Pooled it
- From concept to measurement: initial validation of the Ultra-Processed Food Consumption Scale.Eating and weight disorders : EWD · 2026Article
- Article
- The role of ultra-processed food in obesity.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2025Review
- Expected benefits of increasing taxes to nonessential energy-dense foods in Mexico: a modeling study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Nova food classification system: a contribution from Brazilian epidemiology.Revista brasileira de epidemiologia = Brazilian journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Article
- Ultra-processed foods and cardiovascular disease: analysis of three large US prospective cohorts and a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2024Article
- Ultra-processed Food and Obesity: What Is the Evidence?Current nutrition reports · 2024Review
- Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: Three Large Prospective U.S. Cohort Studies.Diabetes care · 2023Article
- Best practices for applying the Nova food classification system.Nature food · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundUltra-processed foods are recognized as indicators of an unhealthy diet in epidemiological studies. In addition to ultra-processed foods, the NOVA food classification system identifies three other groups with less processing. Unprocessed foods that, together with minimally processed foods (MPF), make NOVA group 1, NOVA group 2 is processed culinary ingredients, and NOVA group 3 is processed foods.
objectiveTo assess the relative validity of the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ) to estimate the energy intake for each group NOVA classification system by comparing it with two 24 h-dietary-recall (24DRs) Mexican adults.
methodsWe analyzed dietary information from 226 adults included <60 and ≥60 years with complete SFFQ and two 24DRs from the National Health and Nutrition Survey 2012. We reported mean differences, Spearman correlation coefficients, intra-class correlations coefficients, Bland-Altman plots, and weighted kappa between measures.
resultsThe percentage energy intake from unprocessed and minimally processed foods group, Spearman correlation coefficients was 0.54 in adults <60 years and 0.42 in adults ≥60 years, while ultra-processed foods group was 0.67 and 0.48, respectively. The intra-class correlation coefficients in the unprocessed and minimally processed foods group was 0.51 in adults <60 years and 0.46 in adults ≥60 years, and for the ultra-processed foods group were 0.71 and 0.50, respectively. Bland-Altman plots indicated reasonably consistent agreement for unprocessed and minimally processed foods group and ultra-processed foods group in adults <60 years and adults in the ≥60 age group. Weighted kappa was 0.45 in the ultra-processed foods group to adults <60 years and was 0.36-≥60 years.
conclusionThe SFFQ had acceptable validity to rank the percentage of energy intake from unprocessed and minimally processed foods group and ultra-processed foods group in Mexican adults, both in adults under 60 years and who were 60 years old or older.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.