ReviewFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology2021
Advances in Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes as Drug Delivery Vehicles.
Review in Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: A Comprehensive Review of Biomedical Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Pooled it
- Article
- Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells-Derived Exosomal Micro-RNA Delivery Enhances Bone Repair in Osteoporotic Conditions.Tissue engineering. Part A · 2026Article
- Cell-based drug delivery for combating bacteria: focus on refractory infections.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Molecular Pathophysiology of Ischemic Stroke and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Based Therapeutic Strategies for Neural Tissue Regeneration: A Pre-clinical and Clinical Perspective.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Review
- hTERT-immortalized mesenchymal stem cell-derived EV treatment reduces ZIKV-induced cortical neuronal death, infection, and exosome-mediated transmission.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Targeted immunomodulation for chronic diseases through advanced delivery platforms.Expert opinion on drug delivery · 2026Review
- Exosomes-loaded with traditional Chinese medicine constituents: a novel therapeutic avenue for aplastic anemia.Chinese medicine · 2026Review
- A Narrative Review of Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes for Diabetic Nephropathy.Stem cells international · 2026Review
- Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes as cell-free therapeutics: mechanistic insights and engineering strategies for liver disease treatment.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Review
- Diagnostic and therapeutic potential of oral cavity-derived exosomes in oral and maxillofacial tissue engineering: current advances and future perspectives.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Stem cell-derived exosomes in complicated urinary tract infections: immunomodulatory mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies for urothelial repair.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Review
- Revolutionizing cancer treatment: engineering mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- Stem cell derived exosome trilogy: an epic comparison of human MSCs, ESCs and iPSCs.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Review
- Exosome-based nanomedicines for digestive system tumors therapy.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2025Review
- Engineered ATP-Loaded Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A Novel Strategy to Counteract Cell ATP Depletion in an In Vitro Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- An anti-CD19-exosome delivery system navigates the blood-brain barrier for targeting of central nervous system lymphoma.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- Therapeutic potential of exosomal lncRNAs derived from stem cells in wound healing: focusing on mesenchymal stem cells.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Review
- USP38 protects intestinal epithelial cells from ischemia/reperfusion injury by stabilizing BIRC5.Gastroenterology report · 2025Article
- Mitochondrial Transplantation: A Paradigm Shift in Osteoporosis Therapy.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Exosomes are tiny vesicles with a double membrane structure that cells produce. They range in diameter from 40 to 150 nm and may contain a variety of biomolecules including proteins and nucleic acids. Exosomes have low toxicity, low immunogenicity, and the ability to encapsulate a wide variety of substances, making them attractive drug delivery vehicles. MSCs secrete large amounts of exosomes and hence serve as an excellent source of exosomes. MSCs-derived exosomes have regenerative and tissue repair functions comparable to MSCs and can circumvent the risks of immune rejection and infection associated with MSC transplantation, indicating that they may be a viable alternative to MSCs' biological functions. In this review, we summarized the drug delivery methods and advantages of exosomes, as well as the advancement of MSC exosomes as drug carriers. The challenges and prospects of using exosomes as drug delivery vectors are presented.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.