Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35186327›Full record

ArticleJournal of ophthalmology2022

The Efficacy of Clinical Tests to Diagnose Evaporative Dry Eye Disease Related to Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.

Jerry R Paugh, Tiffany Nguyen, Alan Sasai, Elaine Chen, Melinda Thomas De Jesus, Justin Kwan, Andrew Loc Nguyen, Marjan Farid, Sumit Garg, James V Jester

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of ophthalmology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 33% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Marginal Eyeliner Use and Meibomian Gland Function.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Jerry R PaughSouthern California College of Optometry, Marshall B. Ketchum University, Fullerton, CA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5758-1171
Tiffany NguyenSouthern California College of Optometry, Marshall B. Ketchum University, Fullerton, CA, USA.
Alan SasaiSouthern California College of Optometry, Marshall B. Ketchum University, Fullerton, CA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0312-7280
Elaine ChenSouthern California College of Optometry, Marshall B. Ketchum University, Fullerton, CA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5446-137X
Melinda Thomas De JesusSouthern California College of Optometry, Marshall B. Ketchum University, Fullerton, CA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9818-7691
Justin KwanSouthern California College of Optometry, Marshall B. Ketchum University, Fullerton, CA, USA.
Andrew Loc NguyenDepartment of Mathematics, California State University, Fullerton, CA, USA.
Marjan FaridGavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2540-0329
Sumit GargGavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5081-0771
James V JesterGavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
Marshall B. Ketchum University · USUniversity of California, Irvine · USCalifornia State University, Fullerton · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo determine the efficacy of widely available subtype clinical tests to characterize evaporative dry eye disease (EDED) related to meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) compared to normal and to validate those clinical cut points in an independent sample.

methodsA diagnostic accuracy study (52 subjects), an investigator-masked study, was followed by a larger independent sample (364 subjects) analysis to confirm efficacy in normal and EDED subjects. All subjects were 18 years of age and older and were classified using a battery of clinical tests for dry eye that included symptoms, tear meniscus height, tear stability, ocular staining, evaporative-specific tests, and the Schirmer I test.

resultsNormal (nondry eye;

conclusionsMeibomian gland secretion quality is an efficient and useful functional indicator in EDED and should be incorporated into core outcome sets for this dry eye subtype.

Identifiers

PMID35186327
PMCPMC8853785
OpenAlexW4211005724

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.