Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35185724›Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in psychology2022

Implicit Mentalizing in Patients With Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Timea Csulak, András Hajnal, Szabolcs Kiss, Fanni Dembrovszky, Margit Varjú-Solymár, Zoltán Sipos, Márton Aron Kovács, Márton Herold, Eszter Varga, Péter Hegyi and 2 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in psychology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07667478 (NON-INVASIVE BRAIN STIMULATION FOR MEMORY LOSS IN EARLY ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE), which is not on this map. Cited by 8 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07667478 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Non-invasive brain stimulation for memory loss in early alzheimer's disease

TypeinterventionalSponsorChi-Ying (Roy) LinRan2026 to 2031Enrolled40ConditionsAlzheimer s Disease, Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) Due to Alzheimer's Disease, Mild DementiaArmsrepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), sham repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation rTMS
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Timea CsulakDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
András HajnalDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
Szabolcs KissMedical School, Institute for Translational Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
Fanni DembrovszkyMedical School, Institute for Translational Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
Margit Varjú-SolymárMedical School, Institute for Translational Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
Zoltán SiposMedical School, Institute for Translational Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
Márton Aron KovácsDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
Márton HeroldDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
Eszter VargaDepartment of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
Péter HegyiMedical School, Institute for Translational Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
Tamás TényiDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
Róbert HeroldDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionMentalizing is a key aspect of social cognition. Several researchers assume that mentalization has two systems, an explicit one (conscious, relatively slow, flexible, verbal, inferential) and an implicit one (unconscious, automatic, fast, non-verbal, intuitive). In schizophrenia, several studies have confirmed the deficit of explicit mentalizing, but little data are available on non-explicit mentalizing. However, increasing research activity can be detected recently in implicit mentalizing. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to summarize the existing results of implicit mentalizing in schizophrenia.

methodsA systematic search was performed in four major databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Web of Science. Eleven publications were selected. Five studies were found to be eligible for quantitative synthesis, and 9 studies were included in qualitative synthesis.

resultsThe meta-analysis revealed significantly lower accuracy, slower reaction time during implicit mentalizing in patients with schizophrenia. The systematic review found different brain activation pattern, further alterations in visual scanning, cue fixation, face looking time, and difficulties in perspective taking. DISCUSSION: Overall, in addition to the deficit of explicit mentalization, implicit mentalization performance is also affected in schizophrenia, if not to the same extent. It seems likely that some elements of implicit mentalization might be relatively unaffected (e.g., detection of intentionality), but the effectiveness is limited by certain neurocognitive deficits. These alterations in implicit mentalizing can also have potential therapeutic consequences.

Indexed as

implicitmentalizationmentalizingschizophreniaspontaneoustheory of mind

Identifiers

PMID35185724
PMCPMC8847732

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.