ArticleFrontiers in psychiatry2021
Joint Hypermobility Links Neurodivergence to Dysautonomia and Pain.
Article in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of chronic pain among U.S. children with neurodevelopmental disorders.Pain reports · 2026Article
- A Cross-Neurotype Analysis of Camouflaging and Illness Perceptions in People with Central Sensitivity Syndromes.Autism in adulthood · 2026Article
- Beyond bendy joints: number of variant connective tissue features predicts neurodivergent characteristics in hypermobile individuals with anxiety.Npj mental health research · 2026Article
- Health experiences and outcomes of autistic and non-autistic adults with hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and hypermobility spectrum disorder.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Patient Characteristics of a Telemedicine Clinic for Pediatric and Young Adult Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Neural processes linking joint hypermobility and anxiety: key roles for the amygdala and insular cortex.The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science · 2026Article
- The Expanding Multisystem Research Landscape of Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome: An Analysis of Orthopedic, Autonomic, Immunologic, and Neuropsychiatric Comorbidities.Orthopedic reviews · 2026Article
- New developments and potential future research directions in adult ADHD.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2025Article
- Autism and the Menopause Transition: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review.Autism in adulthood · 2025Article
- Gut Microbiota in Psychiatric and Neurological Disorders: Current Insights and Therapeutic Implications.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Central Sensitivity Symptoms and Autistic Traits in Autistic and Non-Autistic Adults.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2025Article
- Navigating HOPE (Hypermobile Online Pain managemEnt): Perspectives and Experiences From People With Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome or Hypermobility Spectrum Disorder on a Condition-Specific Online Pain Management Programme.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025Article
- Exploring mothers' experiences of accessing an Education Health and Care Plan (EHCP) for an autistic child attending mainstream school in the United Kingdom.International journal of developmental disabilities · 2025Article
- Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Connective Tissue-Related Symptoms: An Exploratory Case-Control Study in Children.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Neurodivergence, intersectionality, and eating disorders: a lived experience-led narrative review.Journal of eating disorders · 2024Review
- Synesthesia is linked to large and extensive differences in brain structure and function as determined by whole-brain biomarkers derived from the HCP (Human Connectome Project) cortical parcellation approach.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2024Article
- A New Method to Evaluate Joint Hypermobility in Paediatric Patients with Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Preliminary Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The Effectiveness of Conservative Interventions on Pain, Function, and Quality of Life in Adults with Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome/Hypermobility Spectrum Disorders and Shoulder Symptoms: A Systematic Review.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translation · 2024Review
- A model linking emotional dysregulation in neurodivergent people to the proprioceptive impact of joint hypermobility.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesAutism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and tic disorder (Tourette syndrome; TS) are neurodevelopmental conditions that frequently co-occur and impact psychological, social, and emotional processes. Increased likelihood of chronic physical symptoms, including fatigue and pain, are also recognized. The expression of joint hypermobility, reflecting a constitutional variant in connective tissue, predicts susceptibility to psychological symptoms alongside recognized physical symptoms. Here, we tested for increased prevalence of joint hypermobility, autonomic dysfunction, and musculoskeletal symptoms in 109 adults with neurodevelopmental condition diagnoses.
methodsRates of generalized joint hypermobility (GJH, henceforth hypermobility) in adults with a formal diagnosis of neurodevelopmental conditions (henceforth neurodivergent group,
resultsThe neurodivergent group manifested elevated prevalence of hypermobility (51%) compared to the general population rate of 20% and a comparison population (17.5%). Using a more stringent age specific cut-off, in the neurodivergent group this prevalence was 28.4%, more than double than the comparison group (12.5%). Odds ratio for presence of hypermobility in neurodivergent group, compared to the general population was 4.51 (95% CI 2.17-9.37), with greater odds in females than males. Using age specific cut-off, the odds ratio for GJH in neurodivergent group, compared to the comparison group, was 2.84 (95% CI 1.16-6.94). Neurodivergent participants reported significantly more symptoms of orthostatic intolerance and musculoskeletal skeletal pain than the comparison group. The number of hypermobile joints was found to mediate the relationship between neurodivergence and symptoms of both dysautonomia and pain.
conclusionsIn neurodivergent adults, there is a strong link between the expression of joint hypermobility, dysautonomia, and pain, more so than in the comparison group. Moreover, joint hypermobility mediates the link between neurodivergence and symptoms of dysautonomia and pain. Increased awareness and understanding of this association may enhance the management of core symptoms and allied difficulties in neurodivergent people, including co-occurring physical symptoms, and guide service delivery in the future.
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