ArticleThe journal of headache and pain2022
Effectiveness and acceptability of noninvasive brain and nerve stimulation techniques for migraine prophylaxis: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Article in The journal of headache and pain, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative Efficacy and Acceptability of Noninvasive Brain Stimulation for Migraine: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Brain and behavior · 2026Pooled it
- Effectiveness of neuromodulation techniques for migraine prophylaxis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2026Pooled it
- Assessment of noninvasive brain stimulation interventions in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Efficacy of prefrontal-occipital transcranial direct current stimulation for refractory chronic migraine.BMC neurology · 2026Article
- Effect of Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on the Intensity of Post-dural Puncture Headache: Results of Two Randomized Sham Controlled Trials.Neurology and therapy · 2025Article
- Exploration of the Application Rules and Clinical Significance of Acupoints in Acupuncture Treatment of Migraine Based on Data Mining.Journal of pain research · 2025Article
- Hallmarks of primary headache: part 1 - migraine.The journal of headache and pain · 2024Review
- High Dosage Omega-3 Fatty Acids Outperform Existing Pharmacological Options for Migraine Prophylaxis: A Network Meta-Analysis.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2024Review
- Article
- Analysis of Acupoint Selection and Combinations in Acupuncture Treatment of Migraine: A Protocol for Data Mining.Journal of pain research · 2024Article
- The beneficial effect on cognition of noninvasive brain stimulation intervention in patients with dementia: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2023Article
- Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the Primary Motor Cortex beyond Motor Rehabilitation: A Review of the Current Evidence.Brain sciences · 2022Review
- Bibliometric and visual analysis of transcranial direct current stimulation in the web of science database from 2000 to 2022Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Article
- Non-invasive brain neuromodulation techniques for chronic low back pain.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 14 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCurrent pharmacologic prophylactic strategies for migraine have exhibited limited efficacy, with response rates as low as 40%-50%. In addition to the limited efficacy, the acceptability of those pharmacologic prophylactic strategies were unacceptable. Although noninvasive brain/nerve stimulation strategies may be effective, the evidence has been inconsistent. The aim of this network meta-analysis (NMA) was to compare strategies of noninvasive brain/nerve stimulation for migraine prophylaxis with respect to their effectiveness and acceptability.
methodsThe PubMed, Embase, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, ClinicalTrials.gov , ClinicalKey, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were systematically searched to date of June 4th, 2021 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Patients with diagnosis of migraine, either episodic migraine or chronic migraine, were included. All NMA procedures were conducted under the frequentist model.
resultsNineteen RCTs were included (N = 1493; mean age = 38.2 years; 82.0% women). We determined that the high frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over C3 yielded the most decreased monthly migraine days among all the interventions [mean difference = - 8.70 days, 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs): - 14.45 to - 2.95 compared to sham/control groups]. Only alternating frequency (2/100 Hz) transcutaneous occipital nerve stimulation (tONS) over the Oz (RR = 0.36, 95%CIs: 0.16 to 0.82) yielded a significantly lower drop-out rate than the sham/control groups did.
conclusionsThe current study provided a new direction for the design of more methodologically robust and larger RCTs based on the findings of the potentially beneficial effect on migraine prophylaxis in participants with migraine by different noninvasive brain/nerve stimulation, especially the application of rTMS and tONS.
trial registrationCRD42021252638. The current study had been approval by the Institutional Review Board of the Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center (TSGHIRB No. B-109-29).
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.