ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2022
Severe maternal hardships are associated with food insecurity among low-income/lower-income women during pregnancy: results from the 2012-2014 California maternal infant health assessment.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Household food insecurity and symptoms of anxiety and depression during pregnancy: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Maternal & child nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Associations between food insecurity in high-income countries and pregnancy outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Maternal Prenatal Psychosocial Stress in Relation to Maternal and Neonatal Anemia.Current developments in nutrition · 2026Article
- Exploring the relationship between food insecurity and postpartum depression: A scoping review.Archives of women's mental health · 2026Article
- Impact of the Food4Moms produce prescription program on readiness for healthy eating, fruit and vegetable intake, and food security.PloS one · 2026Article
- Food insecurity and its associated factors among pregnant women in Southwest Iran.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Prenatal homelessness, food insecurity, and unemployment and adverse infant outcomes in a California cohort, 2007-2020.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2025Article
- The Intersection of Intimate Partner Violence, Life Stressors, and Perinatal Loss Among Black Women from the United States: Implications for Enhancing Maternity Care Quality and Public Health Practice.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Impact of household food insecurity on the use of maternal health services in the Savanes region, Togo: a qualitative study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Food security during pregnancy: A qualitative content analysis study in Iran.Maternal & child nutrition · 2025Article
- Article
- Understanding Food Insecurity as a Determinant of Health in Pregnancy Within the United States: An Integrative Review.Health equity · 2024Review
- Impact of fruit and vegetable benefits on pregnancy outcomes among WIC participants: a natural experiment.Translational behavioral medicine · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundAssess the associations between ten severe maternal hardships and food insecurity experienced during pregnancy.
methodsData on 14,274 low-income/lower-income women (below 400% of the income to federal poverty guideline ratio) from the statewide-representative 2010-2012 California Maternal and Infant Health Assessment were used to estimate food security status prevalence. Prevalence of severe maternal hardships by food security status was estimated. Multinomial logistic regression was used to assess the associations between severe maternal hardship and food security status, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics.
resultsFood insecurity was common among low- and lower-income pregnant women in California; 23.4% food insecure and an additional 11.5% marginally secure. In adjusted analysis, nine of ten hardships were associated with food security status. Only the respondent or someone close to the respondent having a problem with alcohol or drugs was not associated with food security status after adjusting for socioeconomic factors. Husband/partner losing a job, depressive symptoms, not having practical support and intimate partner violence were consistently associated with marginal, low and very low food security status. Each additional severe maternal hardship a woman experienced during pregnancy was associated with a 36% greater risk of reporting marginal food security (Relative Risk Ratio 1.36, 95% CI: 1.27, 1.47), 54% for low food security (Relative Risk Ratio 1.54, 95% CI: 1.44, 1.64), and 99% for very low food security (Relative Risk Ratio 1.99, 95% CI: 1.83, 2.15).
conclusionsFood security status was strongly linked with several maternal hardships that could jeopardize maternal and/or infant health. Services-including prenatal care and nutritional assistance-for a large proportion of pregnant women should address a wide range of serious unmet social needs including food insecurity.
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