ReviewArchives of osteoporosis2022
Bone metabolism and osteoporosis during pregnancy and lactation.
Review in Archives of osteoporosis, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative Study of Vitamin D Levels After Metabolic Bariatric Surgery in Women Under or Over 45 Years of Age.Obesity surgery · 2026Observational
- Gut microbiota in chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder: shared mechanisms, disease-specific signatures, and therapeutic prospects.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Sulfated chitosan enhances BMP-2-mediated spinal fusion via skeletal stem cell rejuvenation in aging.Bioactive materials · 2025Article
- Effects of exercise during pregnancy on maternal and newborn outcomes.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Review
- The relationship between parity, delivery mode, maternal age at delivery, and bone mineral density: a cross-sectional study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- A comprehensive review and advanced biomolecule-based therapies for osteoporosis.Journal of advanced research · 2025Review
- Gut Microbiota Modulation in Osteoporosis: Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Natural Compounds.Metabolites · 2025Review
- Spanish consensus on managing pregnancy in women with Gaucher disease.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2025Review
- Osteoporosis: Causes, Mechanisms, Treatment and Prevention: Role of Dietary Compounds.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Is Adherence to the Saudi Healthy Plate Dietary Guidelines Associated with Eating Concerns Symptoms among Saudi Young Females?Nutrients · 2024Article
- Longitudinal changes of the femoral bone mineral density from first to third trimester of pregnancy: bone health assessment by means of non-ionizing REMS technology.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2024Article
- Association between Dietary Inflammatory Index and Bone Mineral Density Changes among Pregnant Women: A Prospective Study in China.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Article
- Bridging the Gap: Pregnancy-And Lactation-Associated Osteoporosis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Recent Insights into Pregnancy and Lactation-Associated Osteoporosis (PLO).International journal of women's health · 2023Review
- New Entity-Thalassemic Endocrine Disease: Major Beta-Thalassemia and Endocrine Involvement.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Elemental composition of primary lamellar bone differs between parous and nulliparous rhesus macaque females.PloS one · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeOsteoporosis in pregnancy is an uncommon disease and there is little information regarding its pathogenesis and its effects on the skeleton. This review aims to describe changes in mineral metabolism during pregnancy and lactation as well as their clinical impact.
methodsWe performed a narrative review of the literature using the PubMed and Google Scholar databases for articles published from 1955 to 2021.
resultsMineral metabolism in the mother must adapt to the demand created by the fetus and the placenta, which together absorb calcium and other minerals from the mother to mineralize the developing fetal skeleton; analyses of iliac bone biopsies at the beginning and end of pregnancy have shown that pregnancy significantly modifies maternal bone status. The greatest demand for calcium for the maternal skeleton occurs during lactation; women who breastfeed have an even greater loss of calcium to produce milk. However, it is controversial whether breastfeeding can increase the risk of osteoporotic fractures, and the possible mechanism is considerably complicated. Osteoporosis in pregnancy is an uncommon disease characterized by the occurrence of fragility fractures, most commonly in the vertebral column, in the third trimester of pregnancy, or early postpartum. The pathogenesis of PLO remains unclear owing to its rarity; DXA provides a sensitive and specific method for diagnosing osteoporosis by measuring BMD, one of the parameters that allow a better understanding of fracture risk. One limitation is the controversy in using radiation in pregnant women and the risk to the embryo/fetus; a safe alternative can be MRI.
conclusionPregnancy and lactation alter the maternal bone status; without a balance in metabolism, this may cause an increased risk of fracture due to changes in BMD. There is little information on BMD during pregnancy; more clinical studies are required to elucidate if this represents a risk factor for osteoporosis.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.