SynthesisEuropean journal of pediatrics2022
Auriculotemporal Frey syndrome not associated with surgery or diabetes: systematic review.
Synthesis in European journal of pediatrics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Frey's syndrome in an infant misdiagnosed as food allergy.Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2026Article
- Sonographic anatomy and imaging of the great auricular nerve.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2025Review
- The Auriculotemporal Nerve: A Comprehensive Review of Its Anatomical Variation and Clinical Manifestations.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2025Review
- Recurrent Erythema after Eating in a 1-year-old Boy: A Quiz.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2025Article
- An Extremely Delayed Onset of Frey Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2024Review
- Late Prevalence of Typical and Atypical Symptoms of Frey's Syndrome after Parotidectomy for Benign Tumor.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
- Auriculotemporal syndrome associated with a traumatic vaginal delivery at birth.BMJ case reports · 2023Article
- A tale of two syndromes: nontraumatic Frey's syndrome in a woman with Sjögren's syndrome.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2023Article
- Unilateral gustatory facial flushing in a child.JAAD case reports · 2023Article
- Forehead and scalp gustatory sweating after temporomandibular joint surgery: an atypical presentation of Frey's syndrome.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Patients who undergo salivary gland, neck, or facelift surgery or suffer from diabetes mellitus often develop Frey syndrome (also known as auriculotemporal syndrome or gustatory sweating). Frey syndrome has been occasionally reported to occur in subjects without history of surgery or diabetes but this variant of Frey syndrome has not been systematically investigated. We searched for original articles of Frey syndrome unrelated to surgery or diabetes without date and language restriction. Article selection and data extraction were performed in duplicate. Our systematic review included 76 reports describing 121 individual cases (67 males and 54 females) of Frey syndrome not associated with surgery or diabetes. The age at onset of symptoms was ≤ 18 years in 113 (93%) cases. The time to diagnosis was 12 months or more in 55 (45%) cases. On the other hand, an allergy evaluation was performed in half of the cases. A possible cause for Frey syndrome was detected in 85 (70%) cases, most frequently history of forceps birth (N = 63; 52%). The majority of the remaining 22 cases occurred after a blunt face trauma, following an auriculotemporal nerve neuritis or in association with a neurocutaneous syndrome. The cause underlying Frey syndrome was unknown in 36 cases. Conclusion: Frey syndrome not associated with surgery or diabetes almost exclusively affects subjects in pediatric age and is uncommon and underrecognized. Most cases occur after forceps birth. There is a need to expand awareness of this pseudo-allergic reaction among pediatricians and allergists. What is Known: • Pre-auricular reddening, sweating, and warmth in response to mastication or a salivary stimulus characterize Frey syndrome. • It usually occurs after salivary gland surgery and in diabetes. What is New: • In children, Frey syndrome is rare, and most cases occur after a forceps-assisted birth. • In childhood, this condition is often erroneously attributed to food allergy.
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