Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35182172›Full record

SynthesisKnee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA2022

Virtual reality rehabilitation following total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Aaron Gazendam, Meng Zhu, Yaping Chang, Steve Phillips, Mohit Bhandari

Open access · bronzeAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
15.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.

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  19. [Research progress in application of intelligent remote follow-up mode in hip and knee arthroplasty].Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Aaron Gazendam *OrthoEvidence, Burlington, ON, Canada. aaron.gazendam@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2615-4919
Meng Zhu *OrthoEvidence, Burlington, ON, Canada.
Yaping ChangOrthoEvidence, Burlington, ON, Canada.
Steve PhillipsOrthoEvidence, Burlington, ON, Canada.
Mohit BhandariOrthoEvidence, Burlington, ON, Canada.
Joseph Brant Hospital · CASt. Joseph Hospital · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe use of virtual reality (VR) based rehabilitation has increased substantially within orthopedic surgery, particularly in the field of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare patient-reported outcomes and cost analyses from randomized controlled trials (RCT) utilizing VR-based rehabilitation in patients following TKA.

methodsMEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched for RCTs involving VR-based rehabilitation following TKA. Quantitative synthesis was conducted for pain scores and functional outcomes. Narrative outcomes were reported for results not amenable to quantitative synthesis.

resultsA total of 9 RCTs with 835 patients were included with follow-up ranging from 10 days to 6 months postoperatively. No differences in pain scores were demonstrated between VR-based and traditional rehabilitation at 2 weeks and 3 months postoperatively. VR-based rehabilitation demonstrated improved functional outcomes at 12 weeks (n = 353) postoperatively [mean difference (MD) - 3.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) - 5.20 to - 1.45, moderate certainty evidence] and 6 months (n = 66) postoperatively [MD - 4.75, 95% CI - 6.69 to - 2.81, low certainty evidence], compared to traditional rehabilitation. One trial demonstrated significant cost savings with the use of VR-based rehabilitation.

conclusionsVR-based rehabilitation for patients undergoing TKA represents an evolving field that may have advantages over traditional therapy for some patients. The current review is limited by the low quality of evidence in the literature. This is a rapidly evolving field with more trials needed to determine the impact of VR-based rehabilitation on patients undergoing TKA. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level I; meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Indexed as

Arthroplasty, Replacement, KneeOrthopedicsVirtual RealityHumansPainRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRehabilitationTelemedicineTelerehabilitationTotal knee arthroplastyVirtual reality

Identifiers

PMID35182172
PMCPMC8857886
OpenAlexW4213312044

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.