ReviewNature protocols2022
Bioconjugates of photon-upconversion nanoparticles for cancer biomarker detection and imaging.
Review in Nature protocols, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 160 citations in OpenAlex.
- Emerging nanotechnologies and their role in early ovarian cancer detection, diagnosis and interventions.Journal of ovarian research · 2025Pooled it
- Illuminating cancer therapy: The translational path of optogenetics.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- Surface bioengineering of lanthanide nanoparticles for theranostic applications: From hydrophilic modification to multimodal imaging and therapy.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Upconverting Nanoparticles for Bimodal Luminescence and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Langerhans Islets.Small science · 2026Article
- Eco-friendly synthesis of ZnO nanostructures from yeast strains isolated from kombucha and beetroot kwass for antimicrobial thin film applications.Bioprocess and biosystems engineering · 2026Article
- Article
- Label matters: comparing gold nanoparticles and nanoshells with upconversion nanoparticles for quantitative lateral flow immunoassays.Mikrochimica acta · 2026Article
- Research Progress on the Application of Upconversion Nanoparticles in Heavy Metal Detection in Foodstuff.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Novel Bioconjugate Materials: Synthesis, Characterization and Medical Applications.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Review
- Fluorescent nanomaterials for early detection of cancer biomarkers: a review.Mikrochimica acta · 2025Review
- Spatiotemporally delivery of Cas9 ribonucleoprotein/DNAzyme logic systems using near-infrared upconversion nanomachine for precise immunotherapy.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Article
- Self-Assembly Strategies in Upconversion Nanoparticle-Based Nanocomposites: Structure Designs and Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Near-infrared long lifetime upconversion nanoparticles for ultrasensitive microRNA detection via time-gated luminescence resonance energy transfer.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Sub-10 nm YbRSC advances · 2025Article
- Digital Immunoassay for Biomarker Detection Based on Single-Particle Laser Ablation ICP MS.Analytical chemistry · 2025Article
- Water-insensitive NIR-I-to-NIR-I down-shifting nanoparticles enable stable biomarker detection at low power thresholds in opaque aqueous environments.Light, science & applications · 2025Article
- The Application of Anisotropically Collapsing Gels, Deep Learning, and Optical Microscopy for Chemical Characterization of Nanoparticles and Nanoplastics.Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids · 2025Article
- Sidelobe-free deterministic 3D nanoscopy with λ/33 axial resolution.Light, science & applications · 2025Article
- Bright upconversion over extended temperatures enabled by an organic surface layer.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Label-free upconversion nanosensor for water safety monitoring of permanganate and dichromate ions.BMC chemistry · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The detection of cancer biomarkers in histological samples and blood is of paramount importance for clinical diagnosis. Current methods are limited in terms of sensitivity, hindering early detection of disease. We have overcome the shortcomings of currently available staining and fluorescence labeling methods by taking an integrative approach to establish photon-upconversion nanoparticles (UCNP) as a powerful platform for cancer detection. These nanoparticles are readily synthesized in different sizes to yield efficient and tunable short-wavelength light emission under near-infrared excitation, which eliminates optical background interference of the specimen. Here we present a protocol for the synthesis of UCNPs by high-temperature co-precipitation or seed-mediated growth by thermal decomposition, surface modification by silica or poly(ethylene glycol) that renders the particles resistant to nonspecific binding, and the conjugation of streptavidin or antibodies for biological detection. To detect blood-based biomarkers, we present an upconversion-linked immunosorbent assay for the analog and digital detection of the cancer marker prostate-specific antigen. When applied to immunocytochemistry analysis, UCNPs enable the detection of the breast cancer marker human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 with a signal-to-background ratio 50-fold higher than conventional fluorescent labels. UCNP synthesis takes 4.5 d, the preparation of the antibody-silica-UCNP conjugate takes 3 d, the streptavidin-poly(ethylene glycol)-UCNP conjugate takes 2-3 weeks, upconversion-linked immunosorbent assay takes 2-4 d and immunocytochemistry takes 8-10 h. The procedures can be performed after standard laboratory training in nanomaterials research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.