ArticleJournal of nanobiotechnology2022
Human placental exosomes induce maternal systemic immune tolerance by reprogramming circulating monocytes.
Article in Journal of nanobiotechnology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Regulatory T cells in perioperative neurocognitive disorders: a systematic review with structured narrative synthesis from molecular mechanisms to clinical translation.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Trophoblast Extracellular Vesicles Rewire Immunity: A Symptom-Relief Avenue for Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- A review of recent advances in exosome-mediated drug delivery for regenerative therapy and immunomodulation.Biomedical engineering online · 2026Review
- Cell-Based and Cell-Free Non-Invasive Prenatal Analysis of Preeclampsia: An Updated Review of Liquid Biopsy.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- P-glycoprotein exofection between fetal and maternal cells as a mechanism of intercellular material transfer at the feto maternal interface.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Multi-omics insights into immune tolerance at the maternal-fetal interface in recurrent pregnancy loss: mechanisms, integration challenges, and translational perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Therapeutic potential of stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in aging and regeneration.Frontiers in aging · 2026Review
- Deciphering the Role and Mechanism of Decidual Monocyte-Derived Macrophage Infiltration in Obstetric Antiphospholipid Syndrome at Single-Cell Resolution.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Exploring the Vertical Transmission of Exosomes in Diagnostic and Therapeutic Targets for Pregnancy Complications.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2025Review
- The revolutionary role of placental derivatives in biomedical research.Bioactive materials · 2025Review
- First trimester extravillous trophoblast secretes HLA class I molecules via small extracellular vesicles.Placenta · 2025Article
- Exofection by exosomes: A transient functional cargo transfer.Extracellular vesicle · 2025Article
- Maternal Immune Characteristics at Mid and Late Pregnancy Are Mostly Independent of Fetal Allogeneity in Mice.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2025Article
- MicroRNA-155 targets p65 to regulate PD-L1 expression in the early pregnancy endometrium.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Review
- Application of Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction (dPCR) in Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT).Biomolecules · 2025Review
- The regulatory role of placental extracellular vesicle on trophoblast and endothelial cell functions.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Article
- Immunological reference intervals in pregnancy: longitudinal analysis of adaptive lymphocyte subsets.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- The Placenta as an Immunological Environment.British journal of biomedical science · 2025Review
- The gut-placenta axis in preeclampsia: unraveling the regulatory network and clinical prospects in pathogenesis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe maternal immune system needs to tolerate the semi-allogeneic fetus in pregnancy. The adaptation occurs locally at the maternal-fetal interface as well as systemically through the maternal circulation. Failure to tolerate the paternal antigens may result in pregnancy complications, such as pregnancy loss and pre-eclampsia. However, the mechanism that regulates maternal immune tolerance, especially at the systemic level, is still an enigma. Here we report that the first-trimester placenta-derived exosomes (pEXOs) contribute to maternal immune tolerance by reprogramming the circulating monocytes.
resultspEXOs predominantly target monocytes and pEXO-educated monocytes exhibit an immunosuppressive phenotype as demonstrated by reduced expression of marker genes for monocyte activation, T-cell activation and antigen-process/presentation at the transcriptomic level. They also have a greater propensity towards M2 polarization when compared to the monocytes without pEXO treatment. The inclusion of pEXOs in a monocyte-T-cell coculture model significantly reduces proliferation of the T helper cells and cytotoxic T cells and elevates the expansion of regulatory T cells. By integrating the microRNAome of pEXO and the transcriptomes of pEXO-educated monocytes as well as various immune cell functional assays, we demonstrate that the pEXO-derived microRNA miR-29a-3p promotes the expression of programmed cell death ligand-1, a well-known surface receptor that suppresses the adaptive immune system, by down-regulation of phosphatase and tensin homolog in monocytes.
conclusionsThis is the first report to show how human pEXO directly regulates monocyte functions and its molecular mechanism during early pregnancy. The results uncover the importance of pEXO in regulating the maternal systemic immune response during early pregnancy by reprogramming circulating monocytes. The study provides the basis for understanding the regulation of maternal immune tolerance to the fetal allograft.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.