ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2022
Prospective Evaluation of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccine Responses Across a Broad Spectrum of Immunocompromising Conditions: the COVID-19 Vaccination in the Immunocompromised Study (COVICS).
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 114 citations in OpenAlex.
- Growing attention of immunogenicity among patients with autoimmune diseases post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: meta-analysis and systematic reviews of the current studies.Annals of medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Immune response of COVID-19 vaccines in solid cancer patients: A meta-analysis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Pooled it
- Immunogenicity and safety of COVID-19 vaccines among people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Epidemiology and infection · 2023Pooled it
- Serological response following COVID-19 vaccines in patients living with HIV: a dose-response meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2023Pooled it
- Immunogenicity and risks associated with impaired immune responses following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and booster in hematologic malignancy patients: an updated meta-analysis.Blood cancer journal · 2022Pooled it
- Seroconversion rate after COVID-19 vaccination in patients with solid cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Pooled it
- Immune Status and SARS-CoV-2 Viral Dynamics.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Trial
- Seroconversion Rates Following COVID-19 Vaccination in People Living with HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Vaccines · 2026Review
- SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Vaccine Antibody Responses in Two Canadian Cohorts of Persons Living with HIV.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Association of COVID-19 vaccines and antibody response in individuals with prior Coronavirus infection.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Efficacy and Safety of mRNA-Based COVID-19 Vaccines in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Humoral and cellular responses to SARS-CoV-2 variants after ancestral COVID-19 vaccines in people with HIV and lung transplant recipients.Clinical & translational immunology · 2026Article
- BNT162b2 vaccine induces potent SARS-CoV-2 neutralising immunoglobulins in lung mucosa.ERJ open research · 2025Article
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- Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 antibody prevalence in adults with HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Article
- Safety, Immunogenicity, and Efficacy of COVID-19 Vaccines in Radiation-Oncology Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Vaccines · 2025Review
- A cross-section study of the relationship between lifestyles and severity of COVID-19 symptoms in people living with HIV.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Risk of Severe COVID-19 in Four Immunocompromised Populations: A French Expert Perspective.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2025Review
- Long-term cellular and humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations in patients with solid malignancies undergoing chemotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Differential immunogenicity in people living with HIV with varying CD4 levels after bivalent mRNA COVID-19 booster vaccination.PloS one · 2025Article
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
42 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWe studied humoral responses after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination across varying causes of immunodeficiency.
methodsProspective study of fully vaccinated immunocompromised adults (solid organ transplant [SOT], hematologic malignancy, solid cancers, autoimmune conditions, human immunodeficiency virus [HIV]) versus nonimmunocompromised healthcare workers (HCWs). The primary outcome was the proportion with a reactive test (seropositive) for immunoglobulin G to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) receptor-binding domain. Secondary outcomes were comparisons of antibody levels and their correlation with pseudovirus neutralization titers. Stepwise logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with seropositivity.
resultsA total of 1271 participants enrolled: 1099 immunocompromised and 172 HCW. Compared with HCW (92.4% seropositive), seropositivity was lower among participants with SOT (30.7%), hematological malignancies (50.0%), autoimmune conditions (79.1%), solid tumors (78.7%), and HIV (79.8%) (P < .01). Factors associated with poor seropositivity included age, greater immunosuppression, time since vaccination, anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies, and vaccination with BNT162b2 (Pfizer) or adenovirus vector vaccines versus messenger RNA (mRNA)-1273 (Moderna). mRNA-1273 was associated with higher antibody levels than BNT162b2 or adenovirus vector vaccines after adjusting for time since vaccination, age, and underlying condition. Antibody levels were strongly correlated with pseudovirus neutralization titers (Spearman r = 0.89, P < .0001), but in seropositive participants with intermediate antibody levels, neutralization titers were significantly lower in immunocompromised individuals versus HCW.
conclusionsAntibody responses to COVID-19 vaccines were lowest among SOT and anti-CD20 monoclonal recipients, and recipients of vaccines other than mRNA-1273. Among those with intermediate antibody levels, pseudovirus neutralization titers were lower in immunocompromised patients than HCWs. Additional SARS-CoV-2 preventive approaches are needed for immunocompromised persons, which may need to be tailored to the cause of immunodeficiency.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.