Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35178823›Full record

SynthesisHealth expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy2022

Seeking a deeper understanding of 'distributed health literacy': A systematic review.

Danielle M Muscat, Danielle Gessler, Julie Ayre, Ole Norgaard, Iben R Heuck, Stefanie Haar, Helle T Maindal

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Seeking a deeper understanding of 'distributed health literacy': A systematic review.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2022
    Pooled it
  3. Article
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  6. Distributed Health Literacy Among People With Intellectual Disability, Their Supporters and Healthcare Professionals: A Scoping Review.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2026
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  9. Review
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  20. The role of different health information sources in moderating the impact of health literacy on health-related quality of life: evidence from a population-based study in Korea.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Danielle M MuscatSydney Health Literacy Lab, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-6106-6298
Danielle GesslerSchool of Psychology, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-6978-4494
Julie AyreSydney Health Literacy Lab, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-5279-5189
Ole NorgaardDanish Diabetes Knowledge Center, Education, Copenhagen University Hospital, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-1681-4338
Iben R HeuckDepartment of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-0548-8020
Stefanie HaarDepartment of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Helle T MaindalDepartment of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0003-0525-7254

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPrevious research suggests that it would be useful to view health literacy as a set of 'distributed competencies', which can be found dispersed through the individual's social network, rather than an exclusively individual attribute. However, to date there is no focused exploration of how distributed health literacy has been defined, conceptualized or assessed in the peer-reviewed literature.

aimsThis systematic review aimed to explore: (1) definitions and conceptual models of distributed health literacy that are available from the peer-reviewed literature; and (2) how distributed health literacy has been measured in empirical research.

methodsWe searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycInfo, Scopus, ERIC and Web of Science using truncated versions of the keywords 'literacy' and 'distributed' (within five words' distance). We collated the definitions and conceptual models of distributed health literacy, and report on how health literacy has been measured in empirical research studies. Findings related to distributed health literacy from included manuscripts were synthesized using thematic synthesis.

resultsOf the 642 studies screened, 10 were included in this systematic review. The majority were empirical manuscripts reporting on qualitative research in one of five countries, with two reviews, one conceptual analysis and one quantitative study. Edwards' definition of distributed health literacy, which emphasizes the health literacy abilities, skills and practices of others that contribute to an individual's level of health literacy was widely applied in a variety of clinical and geographical settings. However, we did not identify any quantitative instruments which directly measured distributed health literacy. There was significant variability in questions used to explore the concept qualitatively, and discrepancies across studies in regard to (a) what constitutes distributed health literacy and what does not (e.g., general social support), and (b) the relationship between distributed health literacy and other constructs (e.g., public health literacy).

conclusionAlthough there is a widely applied definition of distributed health literacy, our review revealed that the research space would benefit from the development of the concept, both theoretically for example via conceptual distinctions between distributed health literacy and other types of social support, and empirically for example through the development of a quantitative measurement instrument. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: This paper is a systematic review and did not involve patients or the public.

Indexed as

Health LiteracyDelivery of Health CareHumansQualitative Researchdistributed health literacyhealth literacysocial contextsocial supportsystematic review

Identifiers

PMID35178823
PMCPMC9122402

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.