ReviewFrontiers in nutrition2021
Diet and Gut Microbiome and the "Chicken or Egg" Problem.
Review in Frontiers in nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Critical Review: The Past, Present, and Future of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO).JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026Review
- RecombinantFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The Inclusion of Hermetia Illucens Larvae Meal in the Diet of Laying Hens (Hy-Line Brown) Affects the Caecal Bacterial Composition and Diversity.Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Article
- The role of gut microbes in drought adaptation in the five-toed jerboa (Orientallactaga sibirica).BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Dietary inclusion of Hermetia illucens larvae meal modifies caecal microbiota diversity and composition in barbary partridges (Alectoris barbara).Scientific reports · 2025Article
- ORASPORT study protocol: a prospective observational study on the impact of endurance physical activity on oral microbiology and immunology.Frontiers in oral health · 2025Article
- Evaluation of inter- and intra-variability in gut health markers in healthy adults using an optimised faecal sampling and processing method.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Diet and the Gut Microbiome as Determinants Modulating Metabolic Outcomes in Young Obese Adults.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Dietary (Poly)phenols and the Gut-Brain Axis in Ageing.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Evolution ofGut microbes · 2023Article
- Bioactive compounds for human and planetary health.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Review
- The Maternal-Fetal Gut Microbiota Axis: Physiological Changes, Dietary Influence, and Modulation Possibilities.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Cardiac vagal activity is associated with gut-microbiome patterns in women-An exploratory pilot study.Dialogues in clinical neuroscience · 2022Article
- Current and Future Approaches for Diagnosing Small Intestinal Dysbiosis in Patients With Symptoms of Functional Dyspepsia.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Quantity and quality of the intestinal and fecal microbiome vary considerably between individuals and are dependent on a very large number of intrinsic and environmental factors. Currently, only around 15% of the variance in microbiome diversity can be explained by these factors. Although diet and individual food items have effects, other individual parameters such as gender, age, body mass index (BMI), but also plasma lipids and blood pressure reveal stronger associations with microbiome diversity. In addition, gastrointestinal functions that translate into changes in stool frequency, stool volume, and stool appearance rank very high as effectors of microbiome signatures. In particular, the intestinal/colonic transit time is a critical factor that alters the substrate load for bacterial growth and metabolism as it alters simultaneously stool volume, water content, bacterial mass, and diversity. Moreover, metabolic and neurological diseases are frequently associated with marked changes in intestinal transit time that may translate into the reported changes in gut microbiota. This review provides scientific arguments for a more comprehensive assessment of the individual's intestinal phenotype in microbiome studies to resolve the "chicken or egg" problem in these observational studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.