ArticleCaspian journal of internal medicine2022
Placebo-controlled trial of oral amantadine and zolpidem efficacy on the outcome of patients with acute severe traumatic brain injury and diffuse axonal injury.
Article in Caspian journal of internal medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Excitatory amino acid inhibitors in adults with acute moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2026Pooled it
- Use of amantadine in traumatic brain injury: an updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Efficacy of melatonin for prolonged disorders of consciousness: a double-blind, randomized clinical trial.BMC medicine · 2024Trial
- Amantadine Continuation After Hospital Discharge for Acute Stroke Requiring Inpatient Rehabilitation: A Long-term Follow-up Study.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translation · 2025Article
- Current Management and Future Challenges in the Management of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Review
- Detecting signatures of consciousness in acute brain injury after stimulation with apomorphine and methylphenidate: protocol for a placebo-controlled, randomized, cross-over study.BMJ neurology open · 2024Article
- Understanding, detecting, and stimulating consciousness recovery in the ICU.Acta neurochirurgica · 2023Review
- Improved survival in intensive care unit in severe COVID-19 associated with amantadine use - retrospective study.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2022Article
- Understanding Acquired Brain Injury: A Review.Biomedicines · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundA constituent of diffuse axonal injury (DAI) is supposed to be present in about 1/3 of all severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) as specified by pathologic documents. Diffuse axonal injury is categorized by extensive injury to axons in the brain. A rise in the incidences of TBI, and the limited study to verified effect of drugs like amantadine and zolpidem in improving the consciousness levels of patients with acute traumatic brain injury with axonal injury enthused us to initiate this study in the acute TBI patients.
methodsIn our randomized, controlled trial involving patients with acute severe TBI, we studied 66 patients in 3 groups. Group 1 (n=22) received oral amantadine, Group 2 (n=22) received oral zolpidem, whereas group 3 (n=22) received placebo, the first 8 days after injury respectively. The primary outcome measures included GCS (Glashow coma scale) through the initial admission, a complete medical history was recorded, and each patient had a meticulous physical and neurological investigation.
resultsWe found that the administration of amantadine in an acute phase after injury improved the rate of patients GCS and GOS (Glasgow Outcome Scale) compared with zolpidem and placebo groups, but without any significant statistical difference.
conclusionOur results has emphasized that because amantadine has intense biochemical effects on several ways, it appears to be beneficial in acute period after DAI-associated TBI.
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