ArticlePsychology research and behavior management2022
About Six in Ten Survivors of the November 2020 Maikadra Massacre Suffer from Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Northwest Ethiopia.
Article in Psychology research and behavior management, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Post-traumatic stress disorder in the Ethiopian population dwelling in war-affected communities: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Post-traumatic stress disorders among sexual and gender-based violence survivors in war-affected zones in Ethiopia.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Factors associated with post-traumatic stress disorder among SIMAD University students in Mogadishu, Somalia: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Suicidal behaviors among sexual gender-based violence victims in one-stop centers, Northeast Ethiopia.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms among youths in war-affected areas of Northeast Ethiopia.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Post-traumatic stress disorder and its associated factors among internally displaced people due to conflict in Northwest Ethiopia.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Prevalence and associated factors of depression and posttraumatic stress disorder among trauma patients: multi-centered cross-sectional study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, and their predictors among internally displaced persons in a conflict-affected area of Metekel Zone, Northwest Ethiopia: structural equation modeling.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Magnitude of psychological distress and associated factors among war survivor women in Northern, Ethiopia, 2022: a community-based cross-sectional survey.BMC women's health · 2024Article
- Factors associated with depression among war-affected population in Northeast, Ethiopia.BMC psychiatry · 2024Article
- Post-traumatic stress disorder and associated factors among high school students who experienced war in Woldia town.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Magnitude and factors associated with post-traumatic stress disorder among war-affected internally displaced people in northwest Ethiopia, 2022.SAGE open medicine · 2024Article
- Post-traumatic stress disorder and associated factors among inpatients at Eastern Command Referral Hospital in Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Posttraumatic stress disorder and its associated factors among people living in Dabat district, northwest Ethiopia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Posttraumatic stress disorder in a war-affected area of Northeast Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
- Article
- Post-traumatic stress disorder and associated factors among adult war survivors in Northwest Ethiopia: Community-based, cross-sectional study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Post-traumatic stress disorder and associated factors among adults exposed to stress in Ethiopia: A meta-analysis and systematic review.SAGE open medicine · 2023Review
- Post-traumatic stress disorder and associated factors among people who experienced traumatic events in Dessie town, Ethiopia, 2022: A community based study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by recurrent, involuntary, and intrusive distressing memories of a traumatic event and dissociative reactions. Little is known about post-traumatic stress disorder in low and middle income countries such as Ethiopia where armed conflict, human rights violations, and ethnic-based violence are becoming everyday occurrences.
objectiveThis study aimed to assess the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder and associated factors among residents of Maikadra, North West Ethiopia.
methodsA community-based cross-sectional study was employed in April 2021. A multi-stage cluster sampling technique was employed to select the study participants. A post-traumatic stress disorder checklist (PCL-5) was used to assess post-traumatic stress disorder through a face-to-face interview. Bivariate and multi-variable binary logistic regression analyses were carried out to examine the association between posttraumatic stress disorder and several demographic and psychosocial variables. Statistical significance was declared at a
resultsA total of 610 participants were interviewed with a response rate of 98.8%. The prevalence of PTSD in this study was 59.8% with a 95% CI of 55.7-63.9. Female sex (AOR=1.93, 95% CI=1.64-3.24), having a close family member killed or seriously injured (AOR=1.96, 95% CI=1.1-3.48), having moderate (AOR=3.35, 95% CI=1.98-5.68) and high perceived threat to life (AOR=3.66, 95% CI=1.85-6.95), having depression (AOR=1.67, 95% CI=1.13-2.47) and anxiety disorder (AOR=1.85, 95% CI=1.21-2.83), and being directly exposed to the event (AOR=3.27, 95% CI=1.09-9.83) were significantly associated with post-traumatic stress disorder.
conclusionThe majority of the residents of Maikadra town where the November 2020 massacre took place experienced posttraumatic stress disorder. Female sex, having a family member or a friend murdered or seriously injured, having depression and anxiety disorders and being directly exposed to the trauma were found to be significant predictors of post-traumatic stress disorder. People who have been exposed to such an intense traumatic event need psychosocial support to help them recover from the horrible experiences.
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