ArticleJournal of pain research2022
Geographic Variation in the Use of Gabapentinoids and Opioids for Pain in a Commercially Insured Adult Population in the United States.
Article in Journal of pain research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Geographic Variation of Gabapentinoids and Opioids in US Nursing Homes.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2026Article
- Comparative safety and health service utilization for gabapentin versus non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for cervical radiculopathy: A retrospective cohort study of academic centers.Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia · 2026Article
- Trends in overdose deaths involving gabapentinoids and Z-drugs in the United States.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2023Article
- Article
- Gabapentinoid-related deaths: An alarming global trend or just a special challenge within the long tail of the giant opioid epidemic?Lancet regional health. Americas · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGabapentinoids have been prescribed off-label for almost all types of pain. The geographic variation in the use of gabapentinoids as analgesics remains unknown.
objectiveTo describe the geographic variation in gabapentinoids, opioids and concurrent use of both for pain by US state and metropolitan statistical area (MSA).
methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study on December 1, 2018, among commercially insured adults aged 18-64 years without epilepsy or opioid use disorders using IBM
resultsWe included 9,314,197 beneficiaries; 1.4% had gabapentinoids, 1.5% had opioids and 0.3% had concurrent use of both. The majority of gabapentinoid use lacked an FDA-approved indication. Use of the analgesic regimens varied across states (gabapentinoids (median (interquartile range)): 1.4% (1.2-1.7%); opioids: 1.5% (1.2-1.9%); both: 0.3% (0.2-0.4%)) and MSAs (gabapentinoids: 1.6% (1.3-2.0%); opioids: 1.8% (1.3-2.3%); both: 0.3% (0.2-0.5%)). Demographics explained the largest proportion of the between-state and between-MSA variation. The pattern of the geographic variation in gabapentinoids was similar to that of opioids across states and MSAs.
conclusionGabapentinoids were as commonly used as opioids for pain in a commercially insured population (mostly off-label). The geographic variation in gabapentinoids was similar to that of opioids, which suggests that gabapentinoids may be widely used as alternatives or adjuvants to opioids across the US.
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Registered trials
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