ArticleNature ecology & evolution2022
Supergene origin and maintenance in Atlantic cod.
Article in Nature ecology & evolution, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers.
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74 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Unraveling the Influence of Behavioural Ecotypes on Fish Gut Microbiome: Focus on the Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in Icelandic Waters.Microbial ecology · 2026Article
- Ancient inversion polymorphisms are locally adaptive in a widespread butterfly species.Science advances · 2026Article
- Molecular Evolution of a Sex-Linked Inversion Polymorphism in Zebra Finches.Genome biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Ancient but dynamic: structural expansion, massive gene duplication, and transposable element colonization in a supergene controlling ant social organization.Molecular biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Genomic insights into the recent evolution of ecotypes: delineating at-risk caribou populations with high gene flow.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Genome-Wide Population Structure of Lake Whitefish (Evolutionary applications · 2026Article
- Conservation Units for Anadromous Arctic Char (Evolutionary applications · 2026Article
- Genetic Structure of Blue Ling,Ecology and evolution · 2026Article
- Parallel clines of chromosomal inversion frequencies in seaweed flies are associated with thermal variation.Heredity · 2026Article
- Structural variation in context: mechanisms, functions and selection regimes across the tree of life.Heredity · 2026Article
- Rapid genome modifications including chromosomal fusions and large-scale inversions are key features in Arctic codfish species.Genome biology · 2026Article
- Massive Genomic and Transcriptomic Changes Within a Young Inversion Polymorphism in the Absence of Degeneration.Molecular ecology · 2026Article
- Shared and Unique Patterns of Genomic Differentiation and Introgression Between Japanese Stickleback Species Across Three Sympatric Sites.Molecular ecology · 2026Article
- A north-south hemispheric migratory divide in the butterfly Vanessa cardui.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Putting Structural Variants Into Practice: The Role of Chromosomal Inversions in the Management of Marine Environments.Molecular ecology · 2025Review
- Genome-Wide Population Structure in a Marine Keystone Species, the European Flat Oyster (Ostrea edulis).Molecular ecology · 2025Article
- The Genomics Revolution in Nonmodel Species: Predictions vs. Reality for Salmonids.Molecular ecology · 2025Review
- An Evolutionary Mosaic Challenges Traditional Monitoring of a Foundation Species in a Coastal Environment-The Baltic Fucus vesiculosus.Molecular ecology · 2025Article
- 3D Genome Constrains Breakpoints of Inversions That Can Act as Barriers to Gene Flow in the Stickleback.Molecular ecology · 2025Article
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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10 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Supergenes are sets of genes that are inherited as a single marker and encode complex phenotypes through their joint action. They are identified in an increasing number of organisms, yet their origins and evolution remain enigmatic. In Atlantic cod, four megabase-scale supergenes have been identified and linked to migratory lifestyle and environmental adaptations. Here we investigate the origin and maintenance of these four supergenes through analysis of whole-genome-sequencing data, including a new long-read-based genome assembly for a non-migratory Atlantic cod individual. We corroborate the finding that chromosomal inversions underlie all four supergenes, and we show that they originated at different times between 0.40 and 1.66 million years ago. We reveal gene flux between supergene haplotypes where migratory and stationary Atlantic cod co-occur and conclude that this gene flux is driven by gene conversion, on the basis of an increase in GC content in exchanged sites. Additionally, we find evidence for double crossover between supergene haplotypes, leading to the exchange of an ~275 kilobase fragment with genes potentially involved in adaptation to low salinity in the Baltic Sea. Our results suggest that supergenes can be maintained over long timescales in the same way as hybridizing species, through the selective purging of introduced genetic variation.
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