Trial reportScientific reports2022
Retinal layer assessments as potential biomarkers for brain atrophy in the Rhineland Study.
Trial report in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- [Liquid biopsy proteomics in ophthalmology : A clinical and scientific perspective].Die Ophthalmologie · 2026Pooled it
- Retina as a potential biomarker in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of optical coherence tomography and electroretinography.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Association between metabolic syndrome, macular structures and retinal vascular calibres in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort Eye Study.Acta ophthalmologica · 2026Article
- Optical coherence tomography is a useful tool for monitoring treatment response in migraine: a prospective longitudinal study.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Article
- The Retinal Age Gap as a Marker of Accelerated Aging in the Early Course of Schizophrenia.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2026Article
- [Neurodegeneration and retinal changes-A literature overview].Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie und Geriatrie · 2025Review
- Morphological Changes of the Retina in Alcohol Use Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Studies Using Optical Coherence Tomography.Indian journal of psychological medicine · 2025Review
- Review
- Retinal biomarkers in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: evidence and implications for the neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative models.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Outer Retinal Thinning is Associated With Brain Atrophy in Early Age-Related Macular Degeneration.American journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Eye-brain connections revealed by multimodal retinal and brain imaging genetics.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Structural correlations between brain magnetic resonance image-derived phenotypes and retinal neuroanatomy.European journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Outer Retinal Thickness Is Associated With Cognitive Function in Normal Aging to Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Retinal Thinning in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2024Article
- Association between retinal thickness and disease characteristics in adult epilepsy: A cross-sectional OCT evaluation.Epilepsia open · 2024Article
- Thinner inner retinal layers are associated with lower cognitive performance, lower brain volume, and altered white matter network structure-The Maastricht Study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- Molecular physiology unlocks the mystery that relates cognitive impairment with the retina in schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders: a perspective review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Association of retinal nerve layers thickness and brain imaging in healthy young subjects from the i-Share-Bordeaux study.Human brain mapping · 2023Article
- Eye-brain connections revealed by multimodal retinal and brain imaging genetics in the UK Biobank.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- Mapping Retinal Abnormalities in Psychosis: Meta-analytical Evidence for Focal Peripapillary and Macular Reductions.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Retinal assessments have been discussed as biomarkers for brain atrophy. However, available studies did not investigate all retinal layers due to older technology, reported inconsistent results, or were based on small sample sizes. We included 2872 eligible participants of the Rhineland Study with data on spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We used multiple linear regression to examine relationships between retinal measurements and volumetric brain measures as well as fractional anisotropy (FA) as measure of microstructural integrity of white matter (WM) for different brain regions. Mean (SD) age was 53.8 ± 13.2 years (range 30-94) and 57% were women. Volumes of the inner retina were associated with total brain and grey matter (GM) volume, and even stronger with WM volume and FA. In contrast, the outer retina was mainly associated with GM volume, while both, inner and outer retina, were associated with hippocampus volume. While we extend previously reported associations between the inner retina and brain measures, we found additional associations of the outer retina with parts of the brain. This indicates that easily accessible retinal SD-OCT assessments may serve as biomarkers for clinical monitoring of neurodegenerative diseases and merit further research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.