Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35177758›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2022

Chlamydia pneumoniae can infect the central nervous system via the olfactory and trigeminal nerves and contributes to Alzheimer's disease risk.

Anu Chacko, Ali Delbaz, Heidi Walkden, Souptik Basu, Charles W Armitage, Tanja Eindorf, Logan K Trim, Edith Miller, Nicholas P West, James A St John and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
45citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
8.0field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

45 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Exploring the role of infectious pathogens in Alzheimer's disease neuroinflammation.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026
    Review
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. TheJournal of bacteriology · 2025
    Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Infections withFrontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025
    Review
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Anu Chacko *Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast campus, Southport, QLD, Australia.
Ali Delbaz *Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast campus, Southport, QLD, Australia.
Heidi WalkdenMenzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast campus, Southport, QLD, Australia.
Souptik BasuMenzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast campus, Southport, QLD, Australia.
Charles W ArmitageSchool of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
Tanja EindorfMenzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast campus, Southport, QLD, Australia.
Logan K TrimCentre for Immunology and Infection Control, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
Edith MillerMenzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast campus, Southport, QLD, Australia.
Nicholas P WestMenzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast campus, Southport, QLD, Australia.
James A St JohnMenzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast campus, Southport, QLD, Australia.
Kenneth W BeagleyCentre for Immunology and Infection Control, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
Jenny A K EkbergMenzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast campus, Southport, QLD, Australia. j.ekberg@griffith.edu.au.
Griffith University · AUQueensland University of Technology · AUKing's College London · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chlamydia pneumoniae is a respiratory tract pathogen but can also infect the central nervous system (CNS). Recently, the link between C. pneumoniae CNS infection and late-onset dementia has become increasingly evident. In mice, CNS infection has been shown to occur weeks to months after intranasal inoculation. By isolating live C. pneumoniae from tissues and using immunohistochemistry, we show that C. pneumoniae can infect the olfactory and trigeminal nerves, olfactory bulb and brain within 72 h in mice. C. pneumoniae infection also resulted in dysregulation of key pathways involved in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis at 7 and 28 days after inoculation. Interestingly, amyloid beta accumulations were also detected adjacent to the C. pneumoniae inclusions in the olfactory system. Furthermore, injury to the nasal epithelium resulted in increased peripheral nerve and olfactory bulb infection, but did not alter general CNS infection. In vitro, C. pneumoniae was able to infect peripheral nerve and CNS glia. In summary, the nerves extending between the nasal cavity and the brain constitute invasion paths by which C. pneumoniae can rapidly invade the CNS likely by surviving in glia and leading to Aβ deposition.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseChlamydophila InfectionsOlfactory NerveTrigeminal NerveAnimalsChlamydophila pneumoniaeFemaleMiceMice, Inbred BALB C

Identifiers

PMID35177758
PMCPMC8854390
OpenAlexW4212965440

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.