SynthesisThe Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology2023
Botulinum Toxin A in the Management of Pediatric Sialorrhea: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dysphagia and Muscle Weakness Caused by Botulinum Toxin Poisoning after Cosmetic Injection: Three Case Reports and Clinical Warnings.Dysphagia · 2025Review
- Negative effects on oral motor function after submandibular and parotid botulinum neurotoxin A injections for drooling in children with developmental disabilities.Developmental medicine and child neurology · 2025Article
- Staggered botulinum toxin-a injections into parotid and submandibular glands prior to four-duct ligation for pediatric sialorrhea.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2025Article
- The Role of Speech Therapy in Sialorrhea Management and Quality of Life: A Retrospective Study.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2025Article
- A Six-Year Examination of the Influence of Surgical Technique and Intraoperative Intraglandular Clostridium Botulinum Toxin Application in Salivary Gland Tumor Operations.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Review
- Salivary toxicity from PSMA-targeted radiopharmaceuticals: What we have learned and where we are going.Cancer treatment reviews · 2024Review
- Recent Developments in Engineering Non-Paralytic Botulinum Molecules for Therapeutic Applications.Toxins · 2024Review
- Transient Worsening of Dysphagia and Dysarthria after Treatment with Botulinum Toxin in Patients with Acquired Brain Injury.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The effectiveness of ultrasound-guided injection of BTX-A in the management of sialorrhea in neurogenic dysphagia patients.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2023Article
- Botox injection in treatment of sialorrhea in children with cerebral palsy.American journal of neurodegenerative disease · 2023Article
- Transformative Dental Care in Pediatric Moebius Syndrome: Bridging Oral Health and Systemic Management During Prolonged Hospitalization.Special care in dentistry : official publication of the American Association of Hospital Dentists, the Academy of Dentistry for the Handicapped, and the American Society for Geriatric DentistryArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveBotulinum toxin A is known to be effective and safe in managing sialorrhea in pediatric patients; however, there is no consensus on a protocol for optimal injection sites and appropriate dosing for injection.
methodsThis review was performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocol. PubMed, EMBASE, and other databases were queried to identify articles that evaluated botulinum toxin type A for the treatment of sialorrhea in the pediatric population. A total of 405 studies were identified. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 31 articles were included for review.
resultsA total of 14 studies evaluated 2-gland injections, and 17 studies evaluated 4-gland injections. Of the 31 studies included, one study assessed incobotulinumtoxinA (Xeomin
conclusionsThe strength of evidence suggests that the dosing of 50 units total of onabotulinumtoxinA to the submandibular glands is safe and effective in the pediatric population. For 4-gland injections, bilateral submandibular and parotid gland injections of 60 to 100 units total is the safe and effective dosage. There is no substantial evidence comparing 4-gland injections to 2-gland injections, but research thus far suggests 4-gland injections to be superior. Future study is needed to evaluate incobotulinumtoxinA and abobotulinumtoxinA dosages in the pediatric population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.