ArticleThe Lancet. Public health2022
The effect of social deprivation on the dynamic of SARS-CoV-2 infection in France: a population-based analysis.
Article in The Lancet. Public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers.
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55 citing papers in PubMed.
- Modeling infodemics on a global scale: A 30 countries study using epidemiological and social listening data.PNAS nexus · 2026Article
- Equity challenges in public health responses during the COVID-19 Pandemic: mixed-methods study of Travellers' experiences in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France.International journal for equity in health · 2026Article
- Spatio-temporal modelling of COVID-19 infection and associated risk factors in Dakar, Senegal.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Sociodemographic factors that influence COVID-19 healthcare utilization and costs in Alberta, Canada: a population-based study using the Alberta COVID-19 analytics and research database.Frontiers in health services · 2026Article
- Socioeconomic inequalities and the COVID-19 pandemic in France: Territorial analyzes based on epidemic wave and metropolitan area.PloS one · 2026Article
- Socioeconomic status and ECMO outcomes in severe ARDS.Annals of intensive care · 2026Article
- Dynamics of social inequalities in severe COVID-19 outcomes in metropolitan France from 2020 to 2022.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Who got tested and who got sick? Sociodemographic inequalities in COVID-19 testing and hospitalization among 1.48 million individuals in Sweden.European journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Understanding sex and gender disparities in COVID-19 mortality: a narrative review beyond biology.Biology of sex differences · 2025Review
- Association between socio-economic status and outcomes among critically ill Covid-19 adult patients in France.Annals of intensive care · 2025Article
- Social inequalities in COVID-19-related years of life lost in metropolitan France, 2020.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2025Article
- Predictive quality of census-based socio-economic indicators on Covid-19 infection risk at a fine spatial scale in France.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Socioeconomic and temporal heterogeneity in SARS-CoV-2 exposure and disease in England from May 2020 to February 2023.Science advances · 2025Article
- When Omicron knocks at door: An inverted U-shape relationship between virus proximity and prosocial behavior.Fundamental research · 2025Article
- Occupational and non-occupational factors of post-COVID-19 condition: a cross-sectional survey in the French general working population.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Social inequalities in SARS-CoV-2 infection in high income countries: highlighting the need for an intersectional perspective in quantitative research.Frontiers in public health · 2025Review
- Lessons learned for pandemic preparedness in the neurodegenerative research and clinical fields: an advice report based on Parkinson's disease as an example.BMC neurology · 2024Article
- Geographical coverage of SARS-CoV-2 screening and care centers in Haiti: what do national surveillance data tell us?BMC public health · 2024Article
- COVID-19 vaccination at a hospital in Paris: Spatial analyses and inverse equity hypothesis.Public health in practice (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- Social and clinical vulnerability in stroke and STEMI management during the COVID-19 pandemic: a registry-based study.BMJ open · 2024Observational
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Abstract
backgroundData on health inequalities related to the dynamic of SARS-CoV-2 infection in France are scarce. The aim of this study was to analyse the association between an area-based deprivation indicator and SARS-CoV-2 incidence, positivity, and testing rates between May 2020 and April 2021.
methodsWe analysed data reported to the Système d'Information de Dépistage Populationnel surveillance system between May 14, 2020 and April 29, 2021, which records the results of all SARS-CoV-2 tests in France. Residential addresses of tested individuals were geocoded to retrieve the associated aggregated units for the statistical information (IRIS) scale, corresponding to an area comprising 2000 inhabitants relatively homogenous in terms of socioeconomic characteristics. A social deprivation score was assigned to each area using the European Deprivation Index (EDI). We fitted negative binomial generalised additive models to model the age-standardised and sex-standardised ratios for SARS-CoV-2 incidence, positivity rates, and testing rates, and to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% CIs of their association with EDI quintiles, using the first quintile (least deprived) as the reference category, adjusted for week, population density, and region.
findingsAnalyses were based on 70 990 478 SARS-CoV-2 tests, of which 5 000 972 were positive. SARS-CoV-2 incidence was higher in the most deprived areas than the least deprived areas (IRR 1·148 [95% CI 1·138-1·158]) and positivity rates were also higher (IRR 1·283 [1·273-1·294]), whereas testing rates were lower in the most deprived areas than the least deprived areas (IRR 0·905 [0·904-0·907]). SARS-CoV-2 incidence and positivity rates remained higher in the most deprived areas than the least deprived areas during the second and third national lockdowns, and variation in testing rate was observed according to population density.
interpretationOur results highlight a positive social gradient between deprivation and the risk of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2, with the highest risk among individuals living in the most deprived areas and a negative social gradient for testing rate. These findings might reflect structural barriers to health-care access in France and lower capacity of deprived populations to benefit from protective measures.
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