Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35175938›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2022

Intrahepatic microbes govern liver immunity by programming NKT cells.

Joshua C Leinwand, Bidisha Paul, Ruonan Chen, Fangxi Xu, Maria A Sierra, Madan M Paluru, Sumant Nanduri, Carolina G Alcantara, Sorin Aa Shadaloey, Fan Yang and 28 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
52citing papers in PubMed
5.2field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

52 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Formic acid released by intratumoralActa pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Periodontitis and MASLD: a narrative review of the direct oral-hepatic pathway.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026
    Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

38 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Joshua C LeinwandS.A. Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.
Bidisha PaulDepartment of Molecular Pathobiology, NYU College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA.
Ruonan ChenS.A. Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.
Fangxi XuDepartment of Molecular Pathobiology, NYU College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA.
Maria A SierraDepartment of Molecular Pathobiology, NYU College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA.
Madan M PaluruS.A. Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.
Sumant NanduriS.A. Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.
Carolina G AlcantaraS.A. Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.
Sorin Aa ShadaloeyS.A. Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.
Fan YangS.A. Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.
Salma A AdamS.A. Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.
Qianhao LiDepartment of Molecular Pathobiology, NYU College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA.
Michelle BandelS.A. Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.
Inderdeep GakhalS.A. Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.
Lara AppiahS.A. Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.
Yuqi GuoDepartment of Molecular Pathobiology, NYU College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA.
Mridula VardhanDepartment of Molecular Pathobiology, NYU College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA.
Zia FlaminioDepartment of Molecular Pathobiology, NYU College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA.
Emilie R GrodmanDepartment of Molecular Pathobiology, NYU College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA.
Ari MermelsteinS.A. Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.
Wei WangS.A. Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.
Brian DiskinS.A. Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.
Berk AykutS.A. Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.
Mohammad KhanS.A. Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.
Gregor WerbaS.A. Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.
Smruti PushalkarDepartment of Molecular Pathobiology, NYU College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA.
Mia McKinstryS.A. Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.
Zachary KlugerS.A. Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.
Jaimie J ParkS.A. Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.
Brandon HsiehDepartment of Pathology.
Kristen Dancel-ManningDepartment of Cell Biology, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.
Feng-Xia LiangDepartment of Cell Biology, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.
James S ParkDepartment of Medicine.
Anjana SaxenaBiology Department, Brooklyn College and Biology/Biochemistry Programs, Graduate Center (CUNY), New York, New York, USA.
Xin LiDepartment of Molecular Pathobiology, NYU College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA.
Neil D TheiseDepartment of Pathology.
Deepak SaxenaDepartment of Molecular Pathobiology, NYU College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA.
George MillerS.A. Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.
NYU Langone Health · USNew York University · USThe Graduate Center, CUNY · US

Funding

Vaccine FacilityP30CA016087 · NCI · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI ANIRBAN MAITRA · 1985 to 2026
$83.1M
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAY IN IFN INDUCED TRANSCRIPTIONR01AI028900 · NIAID · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI LEVY, DAVID E · 1990 to 2010
$5.6M
Dectin-1 signaling drives pancreatic oncogenesis by inducing macrophage-mediated adaptive immune suppressionR01CA215471 · NCI · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI BAR-SAGI, DAFNA, WONG, KWOK KIN · 2018 to 2022
$2.3M
Toll-like Receptor Regulation of Pancreatic TumorigenesisR01CA168611 · NCI · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI COHEN, DEIRDRE, MILLER, GEORGE · 2013 to 2019
$2.1M
Dectin-1 Regulates Chronic Liver Fibro-inflammatory DiseaseR01DK106025 · NIDDK · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI MILLER, GEORGE · 2016 to 2018
$1.3M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA016087NCI NIH HHS R01 CA168611NCI NIH HHS R01 CA215471NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI028900NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK106025
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The gut microbiome shapes local and systemic immunity. The liver is presumed to be a protected sterile site. As such, a hepatic microbiome has not been examined. Here, we showed a liver microbiome in mice and humans that is distinct from that of the gut and is enriched in Proteobacteria. It undergoes dynamic alterations with age and is influenced by the environment and host physiology. Fecal microbial transfer experiments revealed that the liver microbiome is populated from the gut in a highly selective manner. Hepatic immunity is dependent on the microbiome, specifically the bacteroidetes species. Targeting bacteroidetes with oral antibiotics reduced hepatic immune cells by approximately 90%, prevented antigen-presenting cell (APC) maturation, and mitigated adaptive immunity. Mechanistically, our findings are consistent with presentation of bacteroidetes-derived glycosphingolipids to NKT cells promoting CCL5 signaling, which drives hepatic leukocyte expansion and activation, among other possible host-microbe interactions. Collectively, we reveal a microbial/glycosphingolipid/NKT/CCL5 axis that underlies hepatic immunity.

Indexed as

Gastrointestinal MicrobiomeNatural Killer T-CellsAdaptive ImmunityAnimalsFecesLiverMiceAntigenChemokinesHepatologyInnate immunityMicrobiology

Identifiers

PMID35175938
PMCPMC9012289
OpenAlexW4226219510

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.