Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35175851›Full record

ReviewCirculation research2022

The Impact of Sex and Gender on Stroke.

Kathryn M Rexrode, Tracy E Madsen, Amy Y X Yu, Cheryl Carcel, Judith H Lichtman, Eliza C Miller

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Circulation research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07627399 (Effectiveness of Implementing Best Care Practices in the Management of Patients With Acute Stroke in Conventional Hospitalization), which is not on this map. Cited by 296 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
296citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07627399 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Effectiveness of Implementing Best Care Practices in the Management of Patients With Acute Stroke in Conventional Hospitalization: A Cluster-Randomized, Open, Stepped-Wedge Controlled Trial.

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of MalagaRan2026 to 2028Enrolled700ConditionsStroke, Acute Stroke, Ischemic Stroke, Hemorrhagic StrokeArmsBEST CARE ICTUS_HC BUNDLE
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

296 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Sex Disparities in ICH: Presentation, Care, and Outcomes in the TICH-2 Trial.Cerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  10. Animal stroke models and outcome evaluation: A review.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2026
    Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Decoding the Sex-Specific Architecture of Carotid Plaque Instability.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2026
    Article
  19. Review
  20. The Neurology of Menopause.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2026
    Review

236 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Kathryn M RexrodeDivision of Women's Health, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (K.M.R.).ORCID 0000-0003-3387-8429
Tracy E MadsenDivision of Sex and Gender in Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI (T.E.M.).ORCID 0000-0001-5101-0776
Amy Y X YuDepartment of Medicine (Neurology), University of Toronto, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Ontario, Canada (A.Y.X.Y.).ORCID 0000-0002-7276-9551
Cheryl CarcelNeurology Program, George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (C.C.).ORCID 0000-0001-8942-953X
Judith H LichtmanDepartment of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT (J.H.L.).ORCID 0000-0001-5362-3875
Eliza C MillerDivision of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Disease, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY (E.C.M.).ORCID 0000-0002-7108-8906

Funding

RISK FACTORS FOR CVD IN WOMENR01HL034594 · NHLBI · TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA · PI JoAnn Elisabeth Manson, Lu Qi · 1985 to 2026
$13.8M
Risk Factors for Ischemic Stroke in WomenR01HL088521 · NHLBI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI REXRODE, KATHRYN M · 2008 to 2025
$9.9M
Disparities in Patterns of Recurrent Stroke in the ElderlyR01AG056628 · NIA · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI JUDITH H LICHTMAN · 2018 to 2026
$5.6M
Vascular Contributions to Cognitive Impairment after Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: the nuMoM2b-Heart Health StudyR01NS122815 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI Eliza C Miller · 2021 to 2026
$3.7M
Neurovascular Unit Dysfunction in Women with Severe PreeclampsiaK23NS107645 · NINDS · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI MILLER, ELIZA C · 2019 to 2023
$1.1M
StoP STRokE: Sex-Specific Prevention of Stroke Through Reproductive Risk Factors and Sex Hormone EffectsK23HL140081 · NHLBI · RHODE ISLAND HOSPITAL · PI MADSEN, TRACY · 2018 to 2022
$945k
Pregnancy complications and the development of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias in women in the Adult Changes in Thought studyR21AG069111 · NIA · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI MILLER, ELIZA C · 2020 to 2021
$460k
NHLBI NIH HHS K23 HL140081NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL034594NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL088521NIA NIH HHS R01 AG056628NIA NIH HHS R21 AG069111NINDS NIH HHS K23 NS107645NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS122815
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Women face a disproportionate burden of stroke mortality and disability. Biologic sex and sociocultural gender both contribute to differences in stroke risk factors, assessment, treatment, and outcomes. There are substantial differences in the strength of association of stroke risk factors, as well as female-specific risk factors. Moreover, there are differences in presentation, response to treatment, and stroke outcomes in women. This review outlines current knowledge of impact of sex and gender on stroke, as well as delineates research gaps and areas for future inquiry.

Indexed as

Sex CharacteristicsDiabetes MellitusEstrogensFemaleHumansHypertensionPregnancyPregnancy Complications, CardiovascularRisk FactorsSex FactorsStrokeEstrogensgender identityhemorrhagic strokeischemic strokesexstrokewomen

Identifiers

PMID35175851
PMCPMC8890686

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.