ArticleAmerican journal of translational research2022
SPINK2 is a prognostic biomarker related to immune infiltration in acute myeloid leukemia.
Article in American journal of translational research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Spatium: A Protein Language Foundation Model for Spatial Proteomics.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- SPINK2 in hematopoiesis and cancer: Biology and clinical implications.Cell death discovery · 2026Review
- SPINK2 silencing suppresses leukemic proliferation and restores myeloid commitment via MECOM downregulation in acute myeloid leukaemia.Cell death discovery · 2026Article
- Ferroptosis in AML: nanoparticles, biomarkers, and immune rewiring for therapeutic breakthroughs.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- The SPINK Protein Family in Cancer: Emerging Roles in Tumor Progression, Therapeutic Resistance, and Precision Oncology.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Single-cell RNA sequencing distinctly characterizes the wide heterogeneity in pediatric mixed phenotype acute leukemia.Genome medicine · 2023Article
- SPINK2 Protein Expression Is an Independent Adverse Prognostic Marker in AML and Is Potentially Implicated in the Regulation of Ferroptosis and Immune Response.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSerine peptidase inhibitor Kazal type 2 (SPINK2) has been reported to be involved in certain cancers. We conducted an in-depth investigation on the role and mechanism of SPINK2 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
methodsThe relationship between SPINK2 expression and AML clinicopathologic characteristics was determined using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Concomitantly, we used Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, as well as univariate and multivariate regression analyses to evaluate SPINK2 as a prognostic marker of AML. Additionally, we annotated the enrichment and function of SPINK2 using Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Sets Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). The CIBERSORT algorithm was used to analyze the relationship between SPINK2 expression and immune infiltration.
resultsSPINK2 expression was significantly higher in AML patients compared to healthy individuals (P<0.001). The area under receiver operating characteristic curve in the GSE9476 dataset was 0.660, whereas that in the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) and TCGA datasets was 0.935. In addition, GSEA also showed that several pathways were enriched in the group with high SPINK2 expression, such as PI3K-AKT signaling, PD-L1 expression, and checkpoint pathways. Analysis of immune infiltration showed that SPINK2 expression was correlated with certain immune infiltrating cells. Cox multivariate analysis revealed that the level of SPINK2 was an independent risk factor for the progression of AML (P<0.001). Moreover, age, M1, M5, M6, and CytoRisk-Poor also affected the progression of AML (P<0.05). The C-index of the nomogram in our internal validation was 0.702.
conclusionThe high expression of SPINK2 in AML suggests that SPINK2 may play an important role in the immune microenvironment and thus could be a biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of AML.
Indexed as
Identifiers
35173838PMC8829596W4213392745What OpenQuestion holds
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