ArticleInternational journal of women's health2022
July Effect in Obstetric Outcomes.
Article in International journal of women's health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Beyond the needle: how clinician expertise affects outcomes in the treatment of hemifacial spasm.Clinical parkinsonism & related disorders · 2025Article
- Socioeconomic predictors of cost and length of stay for erythroderma: a cross-sectional analysis of the national inpatient sample.Archives of dermatological research · 2023Article
- A Nationwide Study of the "July Effect" Concerning Postpartum Hemorrhage and Its Risk Factors at Teaching Hospitals across the United States.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe July effect represents the month when interns begin residency and residents advance with increased responsibility. This has not been well studied in Obstetrics and Gynecology residencies and no study has been conducted evaluating obstetric outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the July effect on obstetric outcomes. Women who delivered between July and September (quarter 1) were compared to those delivering between April and June (quarter 4).
methodsThis retrospective cohort study compared outcomes of deliveries between quarter 1 and quarter 4 from 2017 to 2020. Outcomes evaluated were postpartum length of stay (LOS), postpartum readmission, wound complication, wound infection, blood transfusion, estimated blood loss, 3rd and 4th degree lacerations, 5 min APGAR scores, and cesarean delivery rates.
resultsThere were 3693 deliveries in quarter 1 and 3107 deliveries in quarter 4. There was a higher incidence Of wound infection during the April-June period (N = 21; 0.68%) compared to July-September (N = 10; 0.27%; p = 0.0135). Although LOS for both periods were the same, the average postpartum LOS during July-September was slightly longer than April-June (1.7 days; SD = 1.1 vs 1.6 days; SD = 1.2; p = 0.0026). All other pregnancy outcomes were similar between the two groups.
conclusionOverall, the July effect is minimal on obstetric complications. However, LOS between July and September may differ because all residents are less experienced in quarter 1. Wound infection rates were higher in April-June, perhaps because new PGY-1s went from assisting to primary on cesarean surgeries starting in the 4th quarter of the year.
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Registered trials
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