Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35172812›Full record

ArticleBMC medical ethics2022

Attitudes about withholding or withdrawing life-prolonging treatment, euthanasia, assisted suicide, and physician assisted suicide: a cross-sectional survey among the general public in Croatia.

Ana Borovecki, Marko Curkovic, Krunoslav Nikodem, Stjepan Oreskovic, Milivoj Novak, Filip Rubic, Jurica Vukovic, Diana Spoljar, Bert Gordijn, Chris Gastmans

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC medical ethics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
5.2field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Reasons for Wanting Assisted Suicide.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2023
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Ana BoroveckiSchool of Medicine, Center for Palliative Medicine, Medical Ethics and Communication Skills, University of Zagreb, Salata 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia. abor@mef.hr.
Marko CurkovicSchool of Medicine, University Psychiatric Hospital Vrapče, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
Krunoslav NikodemFaculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Department of Sociology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
Stjepan OreskovicSchool of Medicine, Department of Medical Sociology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
Milivoj NovakSchool of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
Filip RubicSchool of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
Jurica VukovicSchool of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
Diana SpoljarSchool of Medicine, University Hospital Dubrava, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
Bert GordijnInstitute of Ethics, School of Theology, Philosophy, and Music, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland.
Chris GastmansCentre for Biomedical Ethics and Law, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
University of Zagreb · HRDublin City University · IEKU Leuven · BEUniversity Hospital Centre Zagreb · HRUniversity Hospital Dubrava · HR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere has been no in-depth research of public attitudes on withholding or withdrawing life-prolonging treatment, euthanasia, assisted suicide and physician assisted suicide in Croatia. The aim of this study was to examine these attitudes and their correlation with sociodemographic characteristics, religion, political orientation, tolerance of personal choice, trust in physicians, health status, experiences with death and caring for the seriously ill, and attitudes towards death and dying.

methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted on a three-stage random sample of adult citizens of the Republic of Croatia, stratified by regions, counties, and locations within those counties (N = 1203). In addition to descriptive statistics, ANOVA and Chi-square tests were used to determine differences, and factor analysis (component model, varimax rotation and GK dimensionality reduction criterion), correlation analysis (Bivariate correlation, Pearson's coefficient) and multiple regression analysis for data analysis.

results38.1% of the respondents agree with granting the wishes of dying people experiencing extreme and unbearable suffering, and withholding life-prolonging treatment, and 37.8% agree with respecting the wishes of such people, and withdrawing life-prolonging treatment. 77% of respondents think that withholding and withdrawing procedures should be regulated by law because of the fear of abuse. Opinions about the practice and regulation of euthanasia are divided. Those who are younger and middle-aged, with higher levels of education, living in big cities, and who have a more liberal worldview are more open to euthanasia. Assisted suicide is not considered to be an acceptable practice, with only 18.6% of respondents agreeing with it. However, 40.1% think that physician assisted suicide should be legalised. 51.6% would support the dying person's autonomous decisions regarding end-of-life procedures.

conclusionsThe study found low levels of acceptance of withholding or withdrawing life-prolonging treatment, euthanasia, assisted suicide and physician assisted suicide in Croatia. In addition, it found evidence that age, level of education, political orientation, and place of residence have an impact on people's views on euthanasia. There is a need for further research into attitudes on different end-of-life practices in Croatia.

Indexed as

EuthanasiaSuicide, AssistedAdultAttitudeCroatiaCross-Sectional StudiesDeathHumansMiddle AgedSurveys and QuestionnairesAssisted suicideAttitudesCroatiaEnd-of-life decision-makingEuthanasiaPhysician assisted suicideWithdrawingWithholding

Identifiers

PMID35172812
PMCPMC8851732
OpenAlexW4212980430

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.