ArticleCell host & microbe2022
Development of a T cell-based immunodiagnostic system to effectively distinguish SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination status.
Article in Cell host & microbe, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Discordant Outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 Exposure in Household Contacts.Clinical immunology communications · 2026Article
- Nur77 Is Associated With Polyfunctional Properties in Virus-Specific Human CD8European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- Immunological memory to vaccines.Immunity · 2026Review
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific blood immune signatures distinguish sarcoidosis from tuberculosis disease.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections broaden the repertoire of Spike-reactive CD4 T cells.mBio · 2026Article
- Conserved CD4 T-cell responses correlate with antibody neutralization in solid organ transplant recipients after bivalent SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Article
- Pediatric T cell and B cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 T cell responses as a function of multiple COVID-19 boosters.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Participants with Head and Neck Cancer.Viruses · 2025Article
- Robust mucosal SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells effectively combat COVID-19 and establish polyfunctional resident memory in patient lungs.Nature immunology · 2025Article
- Protocol to evaluate virus-specific CD4STAR protocols · 2024Article
- Early antiviral CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are associated with upper airway clearance of SARS-CoV-2.JCI insight · 2024Article
- The T-cell repertoire of Spanish patients with COVID-19 as a strategy to link T-cell characteristics to the severity of the disease.Human genomics · 2024Article
- Article
- SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections enhance T cell response magnitude, breadth, and epitope repertoire.Cell reports. Medicine · 2024Article
- Heterotypic immunity from prior SARS-CoV-2 infection but not COVID-19 vaccination associates with lower endemic coronavirus incidence.Science translational medicine · 2024Article
- Investigating viral and autoimmune T cell responses associated with post-acute sequelae of COVID-19.Human immunology · 2024Article
- Lack of Specific Immune Response after Five Doses of mRNA SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in a Patient with CD4Vaccines · 2024Article
- Evaluation of T Cell Response to SARS-CoV-2 in Kidney Transplant Recipients Receiving Monoclonal Antibody Prophylaxis and the Utility of a Bivalent mRNA Vaccine Booster Dose.Microorganisms · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Both SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19 vaccines elicit memory T cell responses. Here, we report the development of 2 pools of experimentally defined SARS-CoV-2 T cell epitopes that, in combination with spike, were used to discriminate 4 groups of subjects with different SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccine status. The overall T cell-based classification accuracy was 89.2% and 88.5% in the experimental and validation cohorts. This scheme was applicable to different mRNA vaccines and different lengths of time post infection/post vaccination and yielded increased accuracy when compared to serological readouts. T cell responses from breakthrough infections were also studied and effectively segregated from vaccine responses, with a combined performance of 86.6% across all 239 subjects from the 5 groups. We anticipate that a T cell-based immunodiagnostic scheme to classify subjects based on their vaccination and natural infection history will be an important tool for longitudinal monitoring of vaccinations and for establishing SARS-CoV-2 correlates of protection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.