ArticleThe journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences2022
Age Profiles of Cognitive Decline and Dementia in Late Life in the Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study.
Article in The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Differences across males and females in cognitive aging and mortality risk: a trajectory-based approach.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Cognitive trajectories in older adults and associated mortality and predictors.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2025Article
- Relationship between hearing thresholds and cognitive function in hearing aid non-users and long-term users post-midlife.npj aging · 2025Article
- Regular physical activity and high educational attainment positively affect cognitive function among older adults.Journal of exercise rehabilitation · 2024Article
- An Early and Unequal Decline: Life Course Trajectories of Cognitive Aging in the United States.Journal of aging and health · 2024Article
- A glimpse into the future: revealing the key factors for survival in cognitively impaired patients.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Article
- The mediating role of Vitamin D in the association between personality and memory: Evidence from two samples.Biological psychology · 2023Article
- Cognitive interventions for memory and psychological well-being in aging and dementias.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo better understand the temporal dynamics of progression from cognitive decline to onset of dementia in the dementia-free older population in the United States.
methodsWe used longitudinal data from a diverse national population-based sample of older adults (N = 531) in the Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study from the Health and Retirement Study with repeated measures of cognitive function and dementia diagnosis during 12 years of follow-up from 1996 to 2009. We employed joint latent class mixed models to estimate the association between cognitive change and competing risks of dementia and nondementia death and identify heterogeneity in the age profiles of such association adjusting for baseline characteristics.
resultsOur analyses found 3 latent classes with distinct age profiles of cognitive decline and associated risk of dementia and mortality: "Rapid Cognitive Decline" (19.6%), "Moderate Progression" (44.6%), and "Optimal Cognitive Aging" (35.8%). When simultaneously accounting for cognitive trajectories and time-to-dementia/death, we also found associations of baseline covariates with slope of cognitive decline (e.g., steeper decline among non-Hispanic Blacks and more educated) and risk of dementia (e.g., greater risk for females and apolipoprotein E-4 carriers, but no difference by education level) that differ substantially from those in separate longitudinal mixed models or survival models. DISCUSSION: The differential age patterns of cognitive decline predicting dementia incidences identified in this study suggest variation in the course of cognitive aging in older adults that may inform future etiological and intervention studies.
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