Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35170850›Full record

ArticleGenes, brain, and behavior2022

The relationship between temperament, polygenic score for intelligence and cognition: A population-based study of middle-aged adults.

Pekka Tölli, Liisa Keltikangas-Järvinen, Terho Lehtimäki, Niklas Ravaja, Mirka Hintsanen, Ari Ahola-Olli, Katja Pahkala, Mika Kähönen, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, Tomi T Laitinen and 8 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Genes, brain, and behavior, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Pekka TölliDepartment of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Liisa Keltikangas-JärvinenDepartment of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Terho LehtimäkiDepartment of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, Finland.
Niklas RavajaDepartment of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Mirka HintsanenResearch Unit of Psychology, Faculty of Education, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Ari Ahola-OlliDepartment of Internal Medicine, Satasairaala Central Hospital, Pori, Finland.
Katja PahkalaResearch Centre for Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Mika KähönenFaculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
Nina Hutri-KähönenTampere Centre for Skills Training and Simulation, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
Tomi T LaitinenResearch Centre for Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Päivi TossavainenDepartment of Pediatrics and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
Leena TaittonenVaasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland.
Henrik DobewallResearch Unit of Psychology, Faculty of Education, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Eero JokinenDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Olli RaitakariDepartment of Internal Medicine, Satasairaala Central Hospital, Pori, Finland.
C Robert CloningerDepartment of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, Washington, USA.
Suvi RovioResearch Centre for Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Aino SaarinenDepartment of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0000-0003-4495-8360

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We investigated whether temperament modifies an association between polygenic intelligence potential and cognitive test performance in midlife. The participants (n = 1647, born between 1962 and 1977) were derived from the Young Finns Study. Temperament was assessed with Temperament and Character Inventory over a 15-year follow-up (1997, 2001, 2007, 2012). Polygenic intelligence potential was assessed with a polygenic score for intelligence. Cognitive performance (visual memory, reaction time, sustained attention, spatial working memory) was assessed with CANTAB in midlife. The PGSI was significantly associated with the overall cognitive performance and performance in visual memory, sustained attention and working memory tests but not reaction time test. Temperament did not correlate with polygenic score for intelligence and did not modify an association between the polygenic score and cognitive performance, either. High persistence was associated with higher visual memory (B = 0.092; FDR-adj. p = 0.007) and low harm avoidance with higher overall cognitive performance, specifically better reaction time (B = -0.102; FDR-adj; p = 0.007). The subscales of harm avoidance had different associations with cognitive performance: higher "anticipatory worry," higher "fatigability," and lower "shyness with strangers" were associated with lower cognitive performance, while the role of "fear of uncertainty" was subtest-related. In conclusion, temperament does not help or hinder one from realizing their genetic potential for intelligence. The overall modest relationships between temperament and cognitive performance advise caution if utilizing temperament-related information e.g. in working-life recruitments. Cognitive abilities may be influenced by temperament variables, such as the drive for achievement and anxiety about test performance, but they involve distinct systems of learning and memory.

Indexed as

CognitionTemperamentAdultCharacterHumansIntelligenceMiddle AgedMultifactorial InheritanceCANTABcognitive abilitiescognitive performancecognitive testgeneticGWASintelligencepolygenic scoreprospectiveTCItemperament

Identifiers

PMID35170850
PMCPMC9744494

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.