ArticleEnvironmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.)2022
Estimating long-term average household air pollution concentrations from repeated short-term measurements in the presence of seasonal trends and crossover.
Article in Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Impact of the Wood-BurningEnvironmental health perspectives · 2025Trial
- Exposure Contrasts of Women Aged 40-79 Years during the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Randomized Controlled Trial.Environmental science & technology · 2025Trial
- Effects of household and participant characteristics on personal exposure and kitchen concentration of fine particulate matter and black carbon in rural Honduras.Environmental research · 2022Trial
- Prevalence of hypertension and cross-sectional associations between household air pollution exposure and blood pressure among children in rural Rwanda.Environmental research, health : ERH · 2026Article
- Household energy use and health in low-income and middle-income countries.The Lancet. Global health · 2026Review
- Optimizing Exposure Measures in Large-Scale Household Air Pollution Studies: Results from the Multicountry HAPIN Trial.Environmental science & technology · 2025Article
- Factors Determining Black Carbon Exposures among Pregnant Women Enrolled in the HAPIN Trial.Environmental science & technology · 2024Article
- Prediction of personal exposure to PMJournal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Estimating long-term exposure to household air pollution is essential for quantifying health effects of chronic exposure and the benefits of intervention strategies. However, typically only a small number of short-term measurements are made. We compare different statistical models for combining these short-term measurements into predictions of a long-term average, with emphasis on the impact of temporal trends in concentrations and crossover in study design. We demonstrate that a linear mixed model that includes time adjustment provides the best predictions of long-term average, which have lower error than using household averages or mixed models without time, for a variety of different study designs and underlying temporal trends. In a case study of a cookstove intervention study in Honduras, we further demonstrate how, in the presence of strong seasonal variation, long-term average predictions from the mixed model approach based on only two or three measurements can have less error than predictions based on an average of up to six measurements. These results have important implications for the efficiency of designs and analyses in studies assessing the chronic health impacts of long-term exposure to household air pollution.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.