ArticleBMJ open2022
Diseases prevalent before major depressive disorder diagnosis: an exploratory nested case-control study using health insurance-based claims data.
Article in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- A network analysis of depression and anxiety symptoms among Chinese elderly with multiple chronic conditions: based on the 2017-2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS).BMC psychology · 2026Article
- The provision of cognitive behavioral therapy in Japan: an analysis using insurance claims data.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Exploring the interaction effects of subclinical hypothyroidism and major depressive disorder on brain networks.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Association of depressive symptoms with incident fractures: the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study for the Next Generation (JPHC-NEXT).Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2024Article
- Prevalence and factors associated with dyslipidemia in patients with first hospitalization for major depressive disorder: a large sample cross-sectional study.BMC psychiatry · 2024Article
- Prevalence and correlates of dyslipidemia in first-episode and drug-naïve major depressive disorder patients with comorbid abnormal glucose metabolism: Sex differences.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
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Abstract
objectivesMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is often comorbid with other chronic and/or serious diseases. However, little is known about the prevalence of various diseases that are present before MDD onset. We examined the prevalence of all pre-existing diseases in the 12 months before an MDD diagnosis.
designExploratory nested case-control study.
settingData, including diagnoses based on International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th revision codes, were from a Japanese health insurance database (JMDC).
participantsAdults newly diagnosed with MDD during 2015, 2016 or 2017 (but not the preceding year) (cases) were matched (exact) 1:10 to controls by age, sex, index date and working status. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was the proportion of patients in each group with each pre-existing disease during the 12 months before the index date (ie, before MDD diagnosis in cases). Odds ratios (ORs) for onset of MDD were calculated for each pre-existing disease. A post hoc multivariate analysis examined interactions of metabolic risk factors (diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia), psychiatric disorders (sleep disorders, psychiatric disorders other than depression) and MDD-related symptoms (headache, pain, autonomic nerve imbalance) on MDD diagnosis.
resultsThere were 13 420 cases and 134 200 controls (mean age 41.9 years; 66.5% male). The prevalence of almost all pre-existing diseases was higher in cases than in controls. The highest ORs (5.8-21.0) were for psychiatric diseases and sleep disorders. Insomnia (21.1% of patients; OR 8.7) and neurosis (9.7%; OR 10.6) were particularly prevalent in the case group. The odds of MDD increased in the presence of metabolic risk factors, psychiatric disorders and/or MDD-related symptoms.
conclusionsThere is a high prevalence of pre-existing diseases in Japanese patients who develop MDD compared with matched controls without MDD. These results suggest that patients with chronic and/or serious diseases should be actively monitored for depression.
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