ArticleInternational braz j urol : official journal of the Brazilian Society of Urology
Recombinant gonadotropin therapy to improve spermatogenesis in nonobstructive azoospermic patients - A proof of concept study.
Article in International braz j urol : official journal of the Brazilian Society of Urology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Micro-TESE in Non-Obstructive Azoospermia: Phenotype-Guided Hormonal Optimization and Testosterone Response-Prognostic Biomarker or Therapeutic Target?Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Biological and clinical factors predicting sperm retrieval success in men with non-obstructive azoospermia.Reproduction & fertility · 2026Review
- Novel Diagnostic Algorithm for Azoospermia: The Role of 17-Hydroxyprogesterone and Round Spermatids in Normogonadotropic Azoospermia.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Medical treatment prior to micro-TESE.Asian journal of andrology · 2025Review
- The role of luteinizing hormone activity in spermatogenesis: from physiology to clinical practice.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2025Review
- Non-Obstructive Azoospermia and Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection: Unveiling the Chances of Success and Possible Consequences for Offspring.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Gene Polymorphism, Microdeletion, and Gene Expression ofReports of biochemistry & molecular biology · 2023Article
- Integrating Quality Management and Male Reproductive Health in Assisted Reproduction.International braz j urol : official journal of the Brazilian Society of UrologyReview
- Hormonal Therapy Before Sperm Retrieval in Men With Non-Obstructive Azoospermia: From Controversy to Precision Using the APHRODITE Criteria.Reproductive medicine and biologyReview
- The WHO 2025 Guideline for the Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Infertility: A Comprehensive Review with Focus on Male Reproductive Health.International braz j urol : official journal of the Brazilian Society of UrologyReview
- Microdissection TESE versus conventional TESE for men with nonobstructive azoospermia undergoing sperm retrieval.International braz j urol : official journal of the Brazilian Society of UrologyArticle
- Approaching treatment of male infertility: the APHRODITE criteria.International braz j urol : official journal of the Brazilian Society of UrologyArticle
- Upper tract urothelial carcinoma and bladder cancer in review in this number of International Brazilian Journal of Urology.International braz j urol : official journal of the Brazilian Society of UrologyArticle
- Hormonal treatment for men with Non-obstructive Azoospermia: too many rationales, too little data.International braz j urol : official journal of the Brazilian Society of UrologyArticle
- Gonadotropin Stimulation Before Sperm Retrieval in Non-Obstructive Azoospermia: Myth, Magic, or Medicine?International braz j urol : official journal of the Brazilian Society of UrologyArticle
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeNonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) associated with primary spermatogenic failure is a common cause of male infertility usually considered untreatable; however, some reports have suggested that hormonal stimulation to boost the intra-testicular testosterone level and spermatogenesis might increase the chance of achieving pregnancy using homologous sperm. MATERIALS AND
methodsWe report a series of eight NOA males who received long-term treatment with recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin twice a week for spermatogenesis stimulation. Six males received additional recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) supplementation 150-225 IU twice weekly.
resultsAfter recombinant gonadotropin therapy, viable spermatozoa were retrieved from the ejaculate in two patients and by testicular sperm aspiration (TESA) in another two subjects. Singleton spermatozoon retrieved from testes were frozen by vitrification on Cell-Sleeper devices. Two live births were obtained after intracytoplasmic sperm injection with ejaculated spermatozoa and one live birth and an ongoing pregnancy using thawed spermatozoa from TESA.
conclusionOur proof-of-concept study indicates that hormonal therapy with recombinant gonadotropins could be considered in infertile men with NOA as an alternative to sperm donation. Large-scale studies are needed to substantiate hormone stimulation therapy with recombinant gonadotropins in routine clinical practice for this severe form of male infertility.
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