ArticleNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2022
Dietary habits, nutritional status and risk of a first demyelinating event: an incident case-control study in a southern European cohort.
Article in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vitamin, antioxidant and micronutrient supplementation and the risk of developing incident autoimmune diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Anti-aging and Anti-inflammatory Dietary Interventions in Multiple Sclerosis: A Narrative Review.Neurology and therapy · 2026Review
- Targeting Lifestyle in CNS Inflammatory Demyelinating Diseases: Insights from Diet and Exercise as Potential Disease Modifiers.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Linking Nutrients to Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis: Biological Evidence and Clinical Implications.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Overview of diet and autoimmune demyelinating optic neuritis: a narrative review.Immunometabolism (Cobham, Surrey) · 2023Review
- Macronutrients, vitamins and minerals in the diet of multiple sclerosis patients.Postepy psychiatrii neurologii · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe relationship between dietary habits and multiple sclerosis (MS) risk is still controversial. Most studies have involved populations from Scandinavia, North America, and Australia. Data on populations from southern Europe (an area of high MS prevalence) are scarce.
objectiveTo examine the association between dietary habits/nutritional status and risk of a first demyelinating event, in a southern European incident cohort.
methodsIn this incident case-control study, a detailed nutritional assessment was performed by a registered dietitian in patients with a first demyelinating event, and in age-/sex-matched controls. Body composition analysis, anthropometric evaluation, and blood tests for nutritional status were also performed.
resultsEighty-three patients with a first demyelinating event were prospectively recruited over a 1-year period. Low intake of fibers (OR 0.846, p = 0.014), vitamin D (OR 0.730, p < 0.0001), and alpha-linolenic acid (OR 0.283, p = 0.014), high BMI (OR 1.132, p = 0.028), and ever smoker status (OR 4.472, p = 0.003) were all independently associated with risk of a first demyelinating event. Higher intake of rapid absorption carbohydrates, lower intake of vegetal proteins, and higher intake of animal proteins were observed in patients with a first demyelinating event.
conclusionsSignificant differences between patients and controls are observed in the dietary habits at the time of a first demyelinating event, suggesting low intake of fibers, vitamin D and alpha-linolenic acid as the main dietary risk factors. Furthermore, high cardiovascular risk dietary habits are frequent at the time of MS onset, suggesting the usefulness of nutritional intervention as part of the activities of MS centers.
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