ArticleBMJ military health2023
Sex, military occupation and rank are associated with risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury in tactical-athletes.
Article in BMJ military health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06341868 (Dynamic Gait-Synchronous Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction), which is not on this map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Dynamic Gait-Synchronous Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Subsequent Musculoskeletal Injury in US Service Members.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Movement Clearing Screens for Military Service Member Musculoskeletal Injury Risk Identification.Journal of athletic training · 2025Article
- The Impact of a Concomitant Meniscus Surgery on Hop Performance Symmetry in Patients Rehabilitating After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.International journal of sports physical therapy · 2025Article
- Understanding ACL injuries in volleyball: a systematic review of epidemiology and risk factors.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2025Review
- Prevalence and mechanisms of anterior cruciate ligament tears in military personnel: A cross-sectional study in Iran.PloS one · 2024Article
- Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgery: Creating a Permissive Healing Phenotype in Military Personnel and Civilians for Faster Recovery.Military medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionAnterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is common within the US military and represents a significant loss to readiness. Since recent changes to operational tempo, there has not been an analysis of ACL injury risk. The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to evaluate military occupation, sex, rank and branch of service on ACL injury risk in the US military from 2006 to 2018.
methodsThe Defense Medical Epidemiology Database was queried for the number of US tactical athletes with International Classification of Diseases diagnosis codes 717.83 (old disruption of ACL), 844.2 (sprain of knee cruciate ligament), M23.61 (other spontaneous disruption of ACL) and S83.51 (sprain of ACL of knee) on their initial encounter. Relative risk and χ
resultsThe study period displayed a significant decrease in the ACL injury rate at 0.18 cases per 1000 person-years or relative decrease of 4.08% each year (p<0.001) after averaging over the main and interactive effects of sex, rank and branch of service. The interaction effect of time with sex indicated a steeper decline in the incidence in men as compared with women. The risk of ACL injury by sex was modified by rank. The incidence among military personnel varied by occupation.
conclusionDespite the decline among tactical athletes over time, rates of ACL injury remain much higher than the general US population. Sex, rank, branch of service and military occupation were found to be risk factors for ACL injury. It is critical for policy makers to understand the salient risk factors for ACL injury to guide proactive measures to prevent injury.
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Registered trials
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