ArticleParasites & vectors2022
Distribution of acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mechanisms of carbamate resistance in the malaria vector:Parasite epidemiology and control · 2026Review
- Development of a multiplex SNaPshot assay for simultaneous detection of multiple insecticide-resistance mutations in Anopheles sinensis.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Epidemiology of ovale, vivax and falciparum malaria in the highlands of Cameroon: An integrated community survey of human infection and vector abundance.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Characterizing the escalation of pyrethroid resistance and its impact on bed nets efficacy alongside molecular basis in Anopheles funestus from Cameroon.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Distribution of Anopheles gambiae s.l siblings, insecticide resistance and prevalence of markers of resistance (Kdr & Ace-1) in Edea and Buea: forest region of Cameroon.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Epidemiology of Relapsing and Falciparum Malaria in the Highlands of Cameroon: An Integrated Community Survey of Human Infection and Vector Abundance.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Susceptibility profile of Anopheles and target site resistance mechanism against organophosphates in Cameroon.PloS one · 2025Article
- Ace-1 Target Site Status and Metabolic Detoxification Associated with Bendiocarb Resistance in the Field Populations of Main Malaria Vector,Journal of arthropod-borne diseases · 2023Article
- Insecticide Resistance Profile and Mechanisms inInsects · 2022Article
- Bendiocarb and Malathion Resistance in Two Major Malaria Vector Populations in Cameroon Is Associated with High Frequency of the G119S Mutation (Ace-1) and Overexpression of Detoxification Genes.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
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13 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundCameroon is considering the implementation of indoor residual spraying (IRS) as a complementary measure to control malaria in the context of high pyrethroid resistance in major malaria vectors. Non-pyrethroid insecticide classes such as organophosphates and carbamates may be utilized in IRS due to widespread pyrethroid resistance. However, the success of this strategy depends on good knowledge of the resistance status of malaria vectors to carbamates and organophosphates. Here, we assessed the susceptibility profile of Anopheles gambiae sensu lato with respect to carbamates and organophosphate and the distribution of the molecular mechanism underlying resistance to these insecticides.
methodsAnopheles gambiae s.l. mosquitoes were collected from nine settings across the country and bio-assayed with bendiocarb, propoxur and pirimiphos-methyl. The Ace-1 target-site G119S mutation was genotyped using a TaqMan assay. To investigate the polymorphism in the Ace-1 gene, a region of 924 base pairs in a sequence of the gene was amplified from both live and dead females of An. gambiae exposed to bendiocarb.
resultsPirimiphos-methyl induced full mortality in An. gambiae s.l. from all study sites, whereas for carbamates, resistance was observed in four localities, with the lowest mortality rate recorded in Mangoum (17.78 ± 5.02% for bendiocarb and 18.61 ± 3.86% for propoxur) in the southern part of Cameroon. Anopheles coluzzii was found to be the predominant species in the northern tropical part of the country where it is sympatric with Anopheles arabiensis. In the localities situated in southern equatorial regions, this species was predominant in urban settings, while An. gambiae was the most abundant species in rural areas. The G119S Ace-1 target-site mutation was detected only in An. gambiae and only in the sites located in southern Cameroon. Phylogenetic analyses showed a clustering according to the phenotype.
conclusionThe occurrence of the Ace-1 target-site substitution G119S in An. gambiae s.l. populations highlights the challenge associated with the impending deployment of IRS in Cameroon using carbamates or organophosphates. It is therefore important to think about a resistance management plan including the use of other insecticide classes such as neonicotinoids or pyrrole to guarantee the implementation of IRS in Cameroon.
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