ReviewMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Modeling Postmortem Ethanol Production/Insights into the Origin of Higher Alcohols.
Review in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Can Post-Mortem Cartilage Reliably Preserve Ethanol? A Time-Course Comparison with Blood and Urine.Toxics · 2026Article
- Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in femoral muscle from forensic autopsy cases: exploring potential indicators of postmortem ethanol production: Part I - comprehensive profiling of postmortem generated VOCs.Forensic toxicology · 2026Article
- Lipid-, Protein-, and Environmental Contamination Derived Off-Odor Volatile Compound Formation in Refrigerated Atlantic Salmon (Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Quantitation of alcohols and acetone in postmortem blood and urine using headspace gas chromatography mass spectrometry.Journal of analytical toxicology · 2026Article
- Validation of a direct injection-GC-MS method for the quantification of volatile alcohols in blood and vitreous humor.Forensic science, medicine, and pathology · 2026Article
- Fatal atomoxetine overdose in Japan: a forensic autopsy case report.International journal of legal medicine · 2026Article
- Decomposition and medicolegal autopsy in geriatric in‑home non‑traumatic deaths: histopathological findings and a public health perspective.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Development and validation of headspace gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector method for the determination of ethanol in the vitreous humor.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2025Article
- "Not everything that can be counted counts" in ethanol toxicological results: an antemortem and postmortem technical interpretation focusing on driving under the influence.Forensic sciences research · 2024Review
- Ethanol and Higher Alcohols' Production in Fungal and Bacterial Laboratory Cultures and Significance for Forensic Samples.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Postmortem Analysis of Ethyl Alcohol Concentration in Blood, Urine, Muscle and Bile.Acta medica Lituanic · 2024Article
- Forensic Aspects of a Fatal Intoxication Involving Acetaminophen, Citalopram and Trazodone: A Case Report.Toxics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The forensic toxicologist is challenged to provide scientific evidence to distinguish the source of ethanol (antemortem ingestion or microbial production) determined in the postmortem blood and to properly interpret the relevant blood alcohol concentration (BAC) results, in regard to ethanol levels at death and subsequent behavioral impairment of the person at the time of death. Higher alcohols (1-propanol, 1-butanol, isobutanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol (isoamyl-alcohol), and 3-methyl-2-butanol (amyl-alcohol)) are among the volatile compounds that are often detected in postmortem specimens and have been correlated with putrefaction and microbial activity. This brief review investigates the role of the higher alcohols as biomarkers of postmortem, microbial ethanol production, notably, regarding the modeling of postmortem ethanol production. Main conclusions of this contribution are, firstly, that the higher alcohols are qualitative and quantitative indicators of microbial ethanol production, and, secondly that the respective models of microbial ethanol production are tools offering additional data to interpret properly the origin of the ethanol concentrations measured in postmortem cases. More studies are needed to clarify current uncertainties about the origin of higher alcohols in postmortem specimens.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.