ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Stability of Cocaine, Opiates, and Metabolites in Dried Saliva Spots.
Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Opioid detection and quantification in plasma and oral fluid by LC-MS/MS.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Article
- A Novel and Validated GC-MS/MS Method for the Detection of Four Opioids and Seven Fentanoids in Oral Fluid for Forensic Applications.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Dried Matrix Spots for the Determination of Opiates and Opioids: Methodological Advances and Applications.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Evaluation of Antiepileptic Drugs' Stability in Oral Fluid Samples.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Determination of drugs of abuse in oral fluid using dried oral fluid spot assisted by 24-well plate and LC-MS/MS.Bioanalysis · 2025Review
- Evaluation of Antipsychotic Drugs' Stability in Oral Fluid Samples.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Rapid Detection of Amitriptyline in Dried Blood and Dried Saliva Samples with Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Advances on Bioanalysis: Recent Approaches in the Determination of Biomarkers, Drugs of Abuse and Medicines.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Drug abuse still represents a global problem, and it is associated with an increased risk of diseases, injuries, and deaths. Cocaine (COC) and opiates are the most abused drugs and account for a significant number of fatalities. Therefore, it is important to develop methods capable of effectively identifying and quantifying these substances. The present study aims to evaluate the long-term stability of COC, ecgonine methylester (EME), benzoylecgonine (BEG), cocaethylene (COET), norcocaine (NCOC), morphine (MOR), codeine (COD) and 6-monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM) in oral fluid samples. The analytes of interest were isolated from the matrix (50 µL) using the dried saliva spots (DSS) sampling approach and were subsequently analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The parameters that could influence the stability of the target compounds were studied, and these were storage temperature, light, use of preservatives (and respective concentrations), and time. The effects of each parameter were evaluated using the design of experiments (DOE) approach. The stability of the target analytes was improved when the DSS were stored at room temperature, in the presence of light and using 1% sodium fluoride. The best conditions were then adopted for the DSS storage and long-term stability was assessed. COD was only stable for 1 day, EME was stable for 3 days, COC, COET, NCOC and 6-MAM were stable for 7 days, MOR for 14 days and BEG remained stable throughout the study (136 days). This is the first study that evaluates the stability of these compounds in oral fluid samples after application in DSS cards, and optimizes the conditions in order to improve their stability.
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Registered trials
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