ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
EZH2-CCF-cGAS Axis Promotes Breast Cancer Metastasis.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- USP7 inhibition perturbs proteostasis and tumorigenesis in triple-negative breast cancer.NPJ breast cancer · 2026Article
- The role of HMGA1 in genome stability: Implications in human cancer.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Review
- USP7 at the Crossroads of Ubiquitin Signaling, Cell Cycle, and Tumorigenesis.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Transition of cellular senescence to pyroptosis mediates recurrence of small cell lung cancer after chemotherapy.Science advances · 2025Article
- DNA Methylation-Based Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer.Current cancer drug targets · 2025Review
- HMGA1 influence on iron-induced cell death in Tfh cells of SLE patients.Cell biology and toxicology · 2024Article
- Review
- The Influence of Environmental Exposure to Xenoestrogens on the Risk of Cancer Development.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Cellular senescence in metastatic prostate cancer: A therapeutic opportunity or challenge (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2024Review
- Role of PRMT1 and PRMT5 in Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Emerging roles of deubiquitinating enzymes in actin cytoskeleton and tumor metastasis.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2024Review
- Ubiquitination and deubiquitination in cancer: from mechanisms to novel therapeutic approaches.Molecular cancer · 2024Review
- A Novel Class I HDAC Inhibitor, AW01178, Inhibits Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Metastasis of Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Tumor-Intrinsic Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Controls Immune Cell Infiltration, Tumor Growth, and Lung Metastasis in a Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Review
- The cGAS-STING pathway: a therapeutic target in diabetes and its complications.Burns & trauma · 2024Review
- Single-cell transcriptomics provide insight into metastasis-related subsets of breast cancer.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2023Review
- Article
- How Does cGAS Avoid Sensing Self-DNA under Normal Physiological Conditions?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Inhibition of EZH2 alleviates SAHA-induced senescence-associated secretion phenotype in small cell lung cancer cells.Cell death discovery · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cytoplasmic chromatin fragments (CCF) are recognized by the cytoplasmic DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), which activates the cGAS-STING (cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes) pathway and promotes the production of inflammatory factors and breast cancer metastasis. However, the mechanisms by which CCF are formed in tumor cells and CCF activation cGAS promotes breast cancer metastasis remain unclear. Here, we report that the enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) can promote the formation of CCF and activate the cGAS-STING pathway to promote breast cancer metastasis. Further research found that the EZH2-mediated CCF formation depended on high mobility group A1 (HMGA1), while the stability of EZH2 required ubiquitin-specific peptidase 7 (USP7), indicating that the EZH2-HMGA1-USP7 complex regulated CCF formation. Moreover, EZH2 can activate cGAS through CCF, requiring USP7 to deubiquitinate cGAS and stabilize cGAS. In vivo experimental results showed that EZH2 could promote breast cancer metastasis through CCF. Our findings highlight a new target for breast cancer metastasis. Targeting the EZH2-CCF-cGAS axis may be a potential therapeutic strategy for inhibiting breast cancer metastasis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.