SynthesisInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
A Systematic Review of Expression and Immunogenicity of Human Endogenous Retroviral Proteins in Cancer and Discussion of Therapeutic Approaches.
Synthesis in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- A phylogeny-guided framework for decoding mechanisms of human endogenous retrovirus regulation in health and disease.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Tumor cell intrinsic mechanisms of immune escape.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- HERV-K HML-2 transcriptional profiling and splicing pattern unveiled by direct single-molecule long-read RNA sequencing.Mobile DNA · 2026Article
- Mechanisms biomarkers and therapeutic strategies of human endogenous retroviruses in cancer.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Dissection of the T cell infiltrate in mouse pancreatic tumors reveals an extensive and diverse tumor-reactive T cell repertoire.Science advances · 2026Article
- Human endogenous retrovirus profiling reveals heterogenous expression in cutaneous melanoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Alternative splicing: from tumorigenesis to neoantigen-mediated cancer immunotherapy.Biomarker research · 2025Review
- Combination Therapy Approaches to Enhance the Efficacy of ERV-Targeting Vaccines in Cancer.Cancer immunology research · 2025Review
- Mucosal tumor vaccination delivering endogenous tumor antigens protects against pulmonary breast cancer metastases.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
- T-betNature communications · 2024Article
- Lamivudine, Doravirine, and Cabotegravir Downregulate the Expression of Human Endogenous Retroviruses (HERVs), Inhibit Cell Growth, and Reduce Invasive Capability in Melanoma Cell Lines.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Human Endogenous Retrovirus-K (HML-2)-Related Genetic Variation: Human Genome Diversity and Disease.Genes · 2023Review
- Article
- Human Ad19a/64 HERV-W Vaccines Uncover Immunosuppression Domain-Dependent T-Cell Response Differences in Inbred Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- Targeting regulated cell death pathways in acute myeloid leukemia.Cancer drug resistance (Alhambra, Calif.) · 2023Review
- Human endogenous retrovirus regulates the initiation and progression of cancers (Review).Molecular and clinical oncology · 2022Review
- Immunological Responses to Cancer Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- 'Cannibalism' of exogenous DNA sequences: The ancestral form of adaptive immunity which entails recognition of danger.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Alternative and aberrant splicing of human endogenous retroviruses in cancer. What about head and neck? -A mini review.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are remnants of ancient retroviral infections that have become fixed in the human genome. While HERV genes are typically silenced in healthy somatic cells, there are numerous reports of HERV transcription and translation across a wide spectrum of cancers, while T and B cell responses against HERV proteins have been detected in cancer patients. This review systematically categorizes the published evidence on the expression of and adaptive immune response against specific HERVs in distinct cancer types. A systematic literature search was performed using Medical Search Headings (MeSH) in the PubMed/Medline database. Papers were included if they described the translational activity of HERVs. We present multiple tables that pair the protein expression of specific HERVs and cancer types with information on the quality of the evidence. We find that HERV-K is the most investigated HERV. HERV-W (syncytin-1) is the second-most investigated, while other HERVs have received less attention. From a therapeutic perspective, HERV-K and HERV-E are the only HERVs with experimental demonstration of effective targeted therapies, but unspecific approaches using antiviral and demethylating agents in combination with chemo- and immunotherapies have also been investigated.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.