ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
Clinical Implication of Phosphodiesterase-4-Inhibition.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and Safety of Proactive Therapy with 2% Crisaborole Ointment in Children with Mild-to-Moderate Atopic Dermatitis: A Randomized Controlled Study.Paediatric drugs · 2025Trial
- Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibitors in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Molecular Mechanisms, Current Therapeutics, and Future Perspectives.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2026Review
- A Focused Comparative Review of Innovative Therapeutics Across Autoimmune and Chronic Inflammatory Diseases.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE 4) Inhibition Reduces Ischemia-Reperfusion-Induced Leucocyte Infiltration, Apoptosis and Mitochondrial Fission Markers in Mice Skeletal Muscles Four Hours After Ischemia Onset.Muscles (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Trends in Inhibitors, Structural Modifications, and Structure-Function Relationships of Phosphodiesterase 4: A Review.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Antifibrotic Strategies Targeting Phosphodiesterase-4 in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Translation.Clinical pharmacology : advances and applications · 2026Review
- Design of an open-label extension trial of nerandomilast (BI 1015550) in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and progressive pulmonary fibrosis (FIBRONEER™-ON).BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Article
- Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Conjunction with Roflumilast Ameliorate Chronic Kidney Disease Through the Modulation of Fibrosis and Inflammation.Advanced biology · 2025Article
- Topical β-Caryophyllene for Dermatologic Disorders: Mechanisms, Human Evidence, and Clinical Translation.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- An overview on pharmaceutical applications of phosphodiesterase enzyme 5 (PDE5) inhibitors.Molecular diversity · 2025Review
- Targeted protein degradation of PDE4 shortforms by a novel proteolysis targeting chimera.The FEBS journal · 2025Article
- Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases as drug targets.Pharmacological reviews · 2025Review
- Neuroprotective Effects of Cilomilast and Chlorogenic Acid Against Scopolamine-Induced Memory Deficits via Modulation of the cAMP/PKA-CREB-BDNF Pathway.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Molecular Properties of Phosphodiesterase 4 and Its Inhibition by Roflumilast and Cilomilast.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Apremilast in osteoarthritis: exploring its therapeutic mechanisms.Drugs in context · 2025Review
- Phosphodiesterase 7: a potential novel therapeutic target in ovarian cancer.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- PDE4D drives rewiring of the MAPK pathway in BRAF-mutated melanoma resistant to MAPK inhibitors.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Article
- Apremilast as a Potential Targeted Therapy for Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Psoriasis: An Observational Analysis.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- PDE4D: A Multipurpose Pharmacological Target.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Clinical Outcomes of Aspirin and Clopidogrel among Patients with Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease: Insights from a Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The pleiotropic function of 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent pathways in health and disease led to the development of pharmacological phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDE-I) to attenuate cAMP degradation. While there are many isotypes of PDE, a predominant role of PDE4 is to regulate fundamental functions, including endothelial and epithelial barrier stability, modulation of inflammatory responses and cognitive and/or mood functions. This makes the use of PDE4-I an interesting tool for various therapeutic approaches. However, due to the presence of PDE4 in many tissues, there is a significant danger for serious side effects. Based on this, the aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the approaches and effects of PDE4-I for different therapeutic applications. In summary, despite many obstacles to use of PDE4-I for different therapeutic approaches, the current data warrant future research to utilize the therapeutic potential of phosphodiesterase 4 inhibition.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.