ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022
"We Are Doing the Absolute Most That We Can, and No One Is Listening": Barriers and Facilitators to Health Literacy within Transgender and Nonbinary Communities.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- The intersection between transgender identity and migrant background: Experienced barriers and facilitators to healthcare in The Netherlands.International journal of transgender health · 2026Article
- Experiences of Health Care Access Among Trans Adolescents in the Region of Murcia, Spain.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Health Literacy Among Sexual and Gender-Diverse Adolescents in New York City.Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education · 2025Article
- Experiences and narratives of mandatory psychological assessment in Trans and Nonbinary people: An Italian qualitative analysis.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- PrEP Disparities Among Transgender Feminine, Transgender Masculine, Nonbinary, and Gender Expansive Youth and Young Adults in the United States.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Impact of a Virtual Care Navigation Service on Member-Reported Outcomes Among Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Populations: Case Study.JMIR formative research · 2025Article
- Healthcare navigation services support access to gender-affirming care: A qualitative analysis of chat conversations.PloS one · 2025Article
- Health care needs and barriers to care among the transgender population: a study from western Rajasthan.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- Exploring Work Absences and Return to Work During Social Transition and Following Gender-Affirming Care, a Mixed-Methods Approach: 'Bridging Support Actors Through Literacy'.Journal of occupational rehabilitation · 2024Article
- Transgender Patient Preferences When Discussing Gender in Health Care Settings.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Health literacy of trans and gender diverse individuals -a cross sectional survey in Germany.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Reports of Negative Interactions with Healthcare Providers among Transgender, Nonbinary, and Gender-Expansive People assigned Female at Birth in the United States: Results from an Online, Cross-Sectional Survey.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Exploring communication preferences of trans and gender diverse individuals-A qualitative study.PloS one · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Transgender and nonbinary (TNB) individuals face disparities in nearly every aspect of health. One factor associated with poor health outcomes in other marginalized populations is health literacy, yet no identified studies examine health literacy in TNB samples. Moreover, most health literacy frameworks focus primarily on the capacities of individual patients to understand and use healthcare information, with little attention given to provider literacy and environmental factors. In partnership with a statewide LGBTQ advocacy organization, we recruited 46 transgender and nonbinary individuals to participate in seven focus groups conducted in urban, suburban, and rural locations throughout Colorado. TNB participants consistently engaged in efforts to increase their own health literacy and that of their medical providers yet faced multiple barriers to improve care. Difficulty identifying and physically reaching care, insurance and out-of-pocket expenses, negative experiences with healthcare providers and staff, provider incompetence, discriminatory and oppressive practices, and exclusionary forms and processes emerged as barriers to enacted health literacy among participants. Conversely, facilitators of enacted healthcare literacy included positive experiences with healthcare providers and staff, and inclusive forms and processes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.