ArticleCancers2022
Gene-Directed Enzyme/Prodrug Therapy of Rat Brain Tumor Mediated by Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Suicide Gene Extracellular Vesicles In Vitro and In Vivo.
Article in Cancers, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Combined action of suicide gene exosomes from pancreatic cancer-associated fibroblasts and from mesenchymal stem cells as a pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma treatment approach.Cancer cell international · 2025Article
- Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells (MSCs) in Cancer Therapy: Advanced Therapeutic Strategies Towards Future Clinical Translation.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Emerging Frontiers in Neuro-Oncology: Insights into Extracellular Vesicle-Driven Tumor Mechanisms and Nanotherapeutic Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Glioblastoma at the crossroads: current understanding and future therapeutic horizons.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Extracellular vesicles for the delivery of gene therapy.Nature reviews bioengineering · 2025Article
- Biological Nanotherapeutics Derived From Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Mechanisms and Translational Potential in Multisystem Therapies for Regeneration and Oncology.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Article
- Dental Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: A Review of Their Isolation, Classification, Functions, and Mechanisms.Stem cells international · 2024Review
- Exploring the vast potentials and probable limitations of novel and nanostructured implantable drug delivery systems for cancer treatment.EXCLI journal · 2024Review
- Temozolomide and flavonoids against glioma: from absorption and metabolism to exosomal delivery.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2024Review
- Suicide-Gene-Modified Extracellular Vesicles of Human Primary Uveal Melanoma in Future Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Emerging Roles of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal-Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Cancer Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Therapeutic and Diagnostic Potential of Exosomes as Drug Delivery Systems in Brain Cancer.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Roles of extracellular vesicles in glioblastoma: foes, friends and informers.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Efficacy of HSV-TK/GCV system suicide gene therapy using SHED expressing modified HSV-TK against lung cancer brain metastases.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
MSC-driven, gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (GDEPT) mediated by extracellular vesicles (EV) represents a new paradigm-cell-free GDEPT tumor therapy. In this study, we tested the efficacy of yeast cytosine deaminase::uracilphosphoribosyl transferase (yCD::UPRT-MSC)-exosomes, in the form of conditioned medium (CM) to inhibit the growth of C6 glioblastoma cells both in vitro and in vivo. MSCs isolated from human adipose tissue, umbilical cord, or dental pulp engineered to express the yCD::UPRT gene secreted yCD::UPRT-MSC-exosomes that in the presence of the prodrug 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC), inhibited the growth of rat C6 glioblastoma cells and human primary glioblastoma cells in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. CM from these cells injected repeatedly either intraperitoneally (i.p.) or subcutaneously (s.c.), applied intranasally (i.n.), or infused continuously by an ALZET osmotic pump, inhibited the growth of cerebral C6 glioblastomas in rats. A significant number of rats were cured when CM containing yCD::UPRT-MSC-exosomes conjugated with 5-FC was repeatedly injected i.p. or applied i.n. Cured rats were subsequently resistant to challenges with higher doses of C6 cells. Our data have shown that cell-free GDEPT tumor therapy mediated by the yCD::UPRT-MSC suicide gene EVs for high-grade glioblastomas represents a safer and more practical approach that is worthy of further investigation.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.