ArticlePloS one2022
Adherence to contemporary antiretroviral treatment regimens and impact on immunological and virologic outcomes in a US healthcare system.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- The effect of a combined mHealth and community health worker intervention on HIV self-management.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2025Trial
- Efficacy of an mHealth self-management intervention for persons living with HIV: the WiseApp randomized clinical trial.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2023Trial
- Unsuppressed viral load and its associated factors among people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy: a cross-sectional study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Perceived satisfaction with HIV care and its impact on medication adherence and clinical outcomes: a cross-sectional study in Kumasi, Ghana.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Treatment of Advanced HIV in the Modern Era.Drugs · 2025Review
- Social Determinants of ART Adherence among Black Adults with HIV.Research square · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Response to COVID-19 Vaccination in Underserved Racial/Ethnic Minority People Living with HIV.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Dual trajectories of serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor and cognitive function in people living with HIV.Scientific reports · 2025Observational
- An updated overview on long-acting therapeutics for the prevention and treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from a perspective of pharmaceutics.International journal of pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Disparities in antiretroviral therapy adherence among selected adult subpopulations with HIV/AIDS in Tanzania: Analysis of a population-based survey, 2022/23.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Quality of life of people with human immunodeficiency virus and seroconcordant and serodiscordant partnerships.Revista brasileira de enfermagem · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Feasibility of remote self-collection of dried blood spots, hair, and nails among people with HIV with hazardous alcohol use.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2023Article
- The effect of substance uses on antiretroviral treatment adherence in primary health care.South African family practice : official journal of the South African Academy of Family Practice/Primary Care · 2023Article
- Medication Adherence of People Living with HIV in Japan-A Cross-Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Alcohol use, physical activity, and muscle strength moderate the relationship between body composition and frailty risk among people living with HIV.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundOnly a few recent reports have examined longitudinal adherence patterns in US clinics and its impact on immunological and virological outcomes among large cohorts initiating contemporary antiretroviral therapy (ART) in US clinics.
methodsWe followed all persons with HIV (PLWH) in a California clinic population initiating ART between 2010 and 2017. We estimated longitudinal adherence for each PLWH by calculating the medication possession ratio within multiple 6-month intervals using pharmacy refill records.
resultsDuring the study, 2315 PWLH were followed for a median time of 210.8 weeks and only 179 (7.7%) were lost-to-follow-up. The mean adherence was 84.9%. Age (Hazard Ratio (HR): (95% confidence interval): 1.25 (1.20-1.31) per 10-year increase) and Black race (HR: 0.62 (0.53-0.73) vs. White) were associated with adherence in the cohort. A 10% percent increase in adherence increased the odds of being virally suppressed by 37% (OR and 95% CI: 1.37 [1.33-1.41]) and was associated with an increase in mean CD4 count by 8.54 cells/ul in the next 6-month interval (p-value <0.0001).
conclusionsOur study shows that despite large improvements in retention in care, demographic disparities in adherence to ART persist. Adherence was lower among younger patients and black patients. Our study confirmed the strong association between adherence to ART and viral suppression but could only establish a weak association between adherence and CD4 count. These findings reaffirm the importance of adherence and retention in care and further highlight the need for tailored patient-centered HIV Care Models as a strategy to improve PLWH's outcomes.
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